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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Influence of Biochar on Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Root Morphology of Rice-Seedling in Two Contrasting Paddy Soils

    Lei Chu1,2, Yu Zhang1,2, Long Qian1,2, Dandan Zhu1,2, Haijun Sun1,2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 1035-1042, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.014506

    Abstract Biochar may affect the root morphology and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) of rice at seedling stage, which has not been clearly verified until now. To clarify it, we conducted a pot experiment regarding to two soil types (Hydragric Anthrosol and Haplic Acrisol), two biochar application rates (0.5 wt% and 1.5 wt %) and two rice varieties (common rice var. Xiushui134 and hybrid super rice var. Zhongkejiayou12-6) meanwhile. Seedling NUE of common rice Xiuhui134 was significantly increased (p < 0.05) by 78.2% in Hydragric Anthrosol and by 91.4% in Haplic Acrisol following biochar addition with 1.5 wt%. However, biochar addition… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Ethyl Methanesulfonate as Inductor of Somaclonal Variants in Different Crops

    José Gregorio Joya-Dávila, F. A. Gutiérrez-Miceli*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 835-850, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.013679

    Abstract Ethyl methanesulfonate is a chemical mutagen, which is currently being used in plant breeding, to increase genetic variability in genes of agronomic interest, of species useful in agriculture. It primarily causes single base point mutations by inducing guanine alkylation, resulting in GC to AT transitions. Its effect is different between clones of a genotype and between genotypes of the same species. This review presents the results obtained in recent research, where its effect on plant tissues, callus, and cells in suspension has been evaluated. Changes in the phenotypic expression of somaclonal variants were reported, involving morphology, production of secondary metabolites,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery Application to Monitor Soil Salinity and Calcium Carbonate Contents in Agricultural Fields

    Ahmed M. Zeyada1,*, Khalid A. Al-Gaadi1,2, ElKamil Tola2, Rangaswamy Madugundu2, Ahmed A. Alameen2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1603-1620, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.027267

    Abstract The estuary tides affect groundwater dynamics; these areas are susceptible to waterlogging and salinity issues. A study was conducted on two fields with a total area of 60 hectares under a center pivot irrigation system that works with solar energy and belong to a commercial farm located in Northern Sudan. To monitor soil salinity and calcium carbonate in the area and stop future degradation of soil resources, easy, non-intrusive, and practical procedures are required. The objective of this study was to use remote sensing-determined Sentinel-2 satellite imagery using various soil indices to develop prediction models for the estimation of soil… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Grain Yield, Quality and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline of Fragrant Rice in Response to Different Planting Seasons in South China

    Leilei Kong1,2, Haowen Luo1, Zhaowen Mo1, Shenggang Pan1, Zhixia Liu2, Qiang Zhang2, Song Bai2,*, Xiangru Tang1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 705-714, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010953

    Abstract Climate conditions is an important factor affected the fragrant rice growth and development. In order to study the effects of different planting seasons on fragrant rice performance in South China, present study was conducted with three planting seasons (early season (April to July), middle season (June to September) and late season (August to November)) and three fragrant rice cultivars, ‘Basmati-385’, ‘Meixiangzhan-2’ and ‘Xiangyaxiangzhan’. The results showed that the highest grain yield and grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP, key component of fragrant rice aroma) content were both recorded in late season treatment while the fragrant rice in middle season treatment produced the lowest… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Differential Effects of Ammonium and Nitrate on Growth Performance of Glechoma longituba under Heterogeneous Cd Stress

    Yanwei Feng1, Wen Lei2, Rui Gu3, Ping Zhao4, Shijun Ni1,*, Ningfei Lei3,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 667-679, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010160

    Abstract Water, minerals, nutrients, etc., can be shared by physiological integration among inter-connected ramets of clonal plants. Nitrogen plays an important role in alleviating cadmium (Cd) stress for clonal plants. But how different forms of nitrogen affect growth performance of clonal plants subjected to heterogeneous Cd stress still remains poorly understood. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the differential effects of ammonium and nitrate on growth performance of Glechoma longituba under heterogeneous Cd stress. In the experiment, parent ramets of Glechoma longituba clonal fragments were respectively supplied with modified Hoagland solution containing 7.5 mM ammonium, 7.5 mM nitrate or the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Location Distribution Characteristics in Leaf Lateral Asymmetry of Hybrid Indica Rice

    Jie Li1,2, Yuehua Feng1,3,*, Jinfeng Peng1, Xiaoke Wang1, Dinghua Yang2, Guiling Xu1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 657-666, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010969

    Abstract Rice leaves show lateral asymmetry. Differences in width, thickness, chlorophyll meter readings, nitrogen content, density, and yield on each asymmetrical have been reported. However, limited information is available on the distribution characteristics of the smooth side (SS) and rough side (RS) of rice leaves. The SS of rice leaves can be divided into two types according to its location in leaf: one is the smooth side appearing on the left (SSAL) of the leaf, while the smooth side of the other type appears on the right (SSAR). Through the investigation of four rice varieties, we identified that the proportion of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Seed Germination Traits of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) as Affected by Various Pre-Sowing Treatments (Cutting of Cotyledons, Removal of Perisperm, Moist Chilling and/or Exogenous Application of Gibberellin)

    Thiresia-Teresa Tzatzani1, Evangelia Basdeki2, Evangelia-Vasiliki Ladikou3, Marios-Ioannis N. Sotiras3, Georgios Panagiotakis4, Sryridon Lionakis4, Ioannis E. Papadakis3,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 645-656, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010532

    Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various presowing treatments on the germinability (final germination percentage) and germination rate of loquat seeds in order to increase seedling production in nurseries (applied research) as well as provide answers for important physiological issues related to loquat seeds and their seed coat (basic research). Three experiments were carried out with various pre-sowing treatments. These treatments included full or partial removal of seed coat (perisperm), partial cutting of cotyledons as well as moist chilling at 5°C for 13 days and/or soaking the seeds in water or 250 ppm gibberellic acid… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Carbon Monoxide Signal Breaks Primary Seed Dormancy by Transcriptional Silence of DOG1 in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Danni He, Guoli Deng, Songpei Ying, Wenjuan Yang, Jiali Wei, Ping Li*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 633-643, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010498

    Abstract Primary seed dormancy is an adaptive strategy that prevents germination for viable seeds in harsh environment, ensuring seeds germination under favorable condition. Accurately inducing seeds germination in a controllable manner is important for crop production. Thus searching the chemicals that efficiently breaks seed dormancy is valuable. DOG1 protein abundance in the freshly harvested seed is high, and its level is correlated to seed dormancy intensity, thus DOG1 is regarded as the timer to evaluate the seed dormancy degree. In this study, we found the carbon monoxide (CO) donor treatment, the transgenic line with high CO content, showed lower seed dormancy,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    GABA Enhances Thermotolerance of Seeds Germination by Attenuating the ROS Damage in Arabidopsis

    Qili Zhang, Danni He, Songbei Ying, Shiyan Lu, Jiali Wei, Ping Li*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 619-631, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010379

    Abstract Seeds germination is strictly controlled by environment factor such as high temperature (HT) through altering the balance between gibberellin acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Gama-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a small molecule with four-carbon amino acid, which plays a crucial role during plant physiological process associated with pollination, wounding or abiotic stress, but its role in seeds germination under HT remains elusive. In this study we found that HT induced the overaccumulation of ROS, mainly H2O2 and O2- , to suppress seeds germination, meanwhile, HT also activated the enzyme activity of GAD for the rapid accumulation of GABA, hinting the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Physiological Responses of Dendrobium officinale under Exposure to Cold Stress with Two Cultivars

    Shuaishuai Zhang1, Jin Li1, Yongchang Shen1, Linda Nartey Korkor1, Qian Pu1, Jin Lu1, Balock Shakeela1, Dedong Kong2, Ou Li1, Guohong Zeng1,*, Xiufang Hu1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 599-617, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010074

    Abstract This study aimed to explore the cold tolerance of two cultivars of Dendrobium officinale (MG1, MG2) grown in different regions of China. Under -2°C incubation, cultivar MG1 remained active after 3 d, and continued to grow after returning to room temperature. However, MG2 could only maintain its activity after 2 d treatment at −2°C, and the seedlings died with the low temperature treatment time. Investigation of the characteristics of the plants grown in the south (Hangzhou) or north (Zhengzhou) of China indicated that the leaves of MG1 also had reduced stomatal density, the highest thickness, and a compact microstructure. The… More >

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