@Article{cju.2026.083925,
AUTHOR = {Caixiang Zhang, Xiaochuan Wang, Youquan Zhao, Houyu Zhou, Kahriman Islam, Jesur Batur, Jun Li},
TITLE = {Comparison of efficacy and safety between bilateral single-session PCNL and bilateral staged PCNL in preschool children},
JOURNAL = {Canadian Journal of Urology},
VOLUME = {},
YEAR = {},
NUMBER = {},
PAGES = {{pages}},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/CJU/online/detail/28114},
ISSN = {1488-5581},
ABSTRACT = { <b>Objective:</b> Bilateral kidney stones in preschool children are challenging to manage, and the optimal surgical strategy remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of bilateral single-session percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and bilateral staged PCNL in preschool children with bilateral kidney stones. <b>Methods:</b> We retrospectively reviewed preschool children aged &lt;7 years with bilateral kidney stones who underwent PCNL at our two centers between June 2014 and June 2025. Patients were divided into a bilateral staged PCNL group and a bilateral single-session PCNL group. Perioperative outcomes, stone-free rate (SFR), and complication rate (CR) were compared, and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with SFR and CR. <b>Results:</b> No significant difference in SFR (per renal unit) was observed between the bilateral single-session PCNL group and the bilateral staged PCNL group (87.18% vs. 72.92%, <i>p</i> = 0.232). CR (per person) was also comparable between the two groups (43.59% vs. 33.33%, <i>p</i> = 0.419), and all recorded complications were low-grade and manageable, corresponding to Clavien-Dindo Grades I-II. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that bilateral single-session PCNL was independently associated with a higher SFR compared with bilateral staged PCNL (odds ratio [OR]: 11.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.62–85.15; <i>p</i> = 0.015). Tract size &gt;4.8 Fr was also independently associated with a higher SFR (OR: 5.73; 95% CI: 1.01–32.61; <i>p</i> = 0.049). No evaluated variable was significantly associated with CR. <b>Conclusion:</b> Bilateral single-session PCNL is an effective therapeutic strategy for the management of preschool children with bilateral kidney stones, providing stone-free outcomes and complication rates comparable to those of bilateral staged PCNL.},
DOI = {10.32604/cju.2026.083925}
}