TY  - EJOU
AU  - Kim, Brian 
AU  - Robertson, Susan J. 
AU  - Belanger, Eric C. 
AU  - Mai, Kien T. 

TI  - Invasive low-grade urothelial carcinoma in a bladder biopsy associated with high-stage disease and masquerading as schistosomiasis
T2  - Canadian Journal of Urology

PY  - 2008
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
SN  - 1488-5581

AB  - We present an interesting case of a 56-year-old Egyptian
woman with high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC)
associated with schistosomiasis that appeared initially as
low-grade (LGUC) disease on transurethral resection of
the bladder tumor (TURBT). Areas of HGUC and tumor
invasion were detected only after meticulous microscopic
examination of the partial cystectomy specimen.
Furthermore, there were no areas of squamous cell metaplasia
identified. This case highlights one of the limitations
of biopsy for determining cancer grade and stage. It also
emphasizes that schistosomiasis may be associated with
non-squamous cell forms of bladder cancer, the pathogenesis
of which has not been fully elucidated.
KW  - urothelial carcinoma
KW  -  low grade
KW  -  schistosomiasis
KW  -  invasive

DO  -