@Article{,
AUTHOR = {Carl G. Klutke, John J. Klutke},
TITLE = {Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome  for the primary care physician},
JOURNAL = {Canadian Journal of Urology},
VOLUME = {15},
YEAR = {2008},
NUMBER = {Suppl.4},
PAGES = {44--53},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/CJU/v15nSuppl.4/63114},
ISSN = {1488-5581},
ABSTRACT = {Interstitial cystitis also known as painful bladder 
disorder refers to individuals with chronic bladder 
infl ammation of unknown cause. The presentation of 
disabling symptoms of urgency, frequency, nocturia, and 
varying degrees of suprapubic discomfort, is one that the 
primary care physician will encounter frequently as the 
prevalence of interstitial cystitis ranges from 10.6 cases 
per 100,000 to as high as one in 4.5 women, depending 
upon the criteria used for its diagnosis. Many etiologies 
are possible. The disorder can be divided clinically into 
two groups—ulcerative and non-ulcerative—based 
on cystoscopic findings and response to treatment. 
In general the diagnosis is made by excluding known 
treatable causes of bladder irritation. Criteria for the 
disease are lacking. Management follows an approach of 
applying the least invasive therapy that affords suffi cient 
relief of symptoms. This monograph attempts to guide 
the practicing primary care physician from the clinical 
presentation to a sensible diagnostic work-up and 
reviews the present management strategies in patients 
with interstitial cystitis.},
DOI = {}
}