TY  - EJOU
AU  - Zuckerman, Jack M. 
AU  - Shekarriz, Bijan 
AU  - Upadhyay, Jyoti 

TI  - High pressure vaginography to diagnose vaginal ureteral ectopia in patients with continuous urinary incontinence
T2  - Canadian Journal of Urology

PY  - 2013
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
SN  - 1488-5581

AB  - <b>Introduction:</b> Continuous urinary incontinence in female patients can be a diagnostic dilemma if traditional imaging fails to identify a source. Vaginography has been used to diagnose vaginal ectopic ureters in the past with mixed results.<br/>

<b>Materials and methods:</b> Institutional review board approval was obtained for a retrospective review. Five teenage females with continuous incontinence and prior negative imaging work ups underwent high pressure vaginography. Their findings and treatment outcomes are reviewed.<br/>

<b>Results:</b> A vaginal ectopic ureter was diagnosed in each of the five patients at a mean age 15.8 years. Each had undergone prior magnetic resonance urography that was non-diagnostic. Four of the five were managed surgically with resolution of their incontinence. One was lost to follow up.<br/>

<b>Conclusion:</b> High pressure vaginogram should be considered during the work up of female patients with continuous urinary incontinence, especially when other imaging modalities fail to identify an etiology.
KW  - ureteral duplication
KW  -  ureteral ectopia
KW  -  vaginogram
KW  -  urinary incontinence

DO  -