TY  - EJOU
AU  - Dall, Christopher P. 
AU  - Webster, Bradley R. 
AU  - Helbig, Michael W. 
AU  - Ball, Mark W. 

TI  - Renal surgery in patients with a duplicated  inferior vena cava: a case series and review   of the literature
T2  - Canadian Journal of Urology

PY  - 2022
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
SN  - 1488-5581

AB  - Abnormal inferior vena cava (IVC) anatomy may present unique challenges for urologists when performing retroperitoneal surgery.  Duplication of the IVC is one such anomalous variation and can be found in up to 3% of the population.  Misunderstanding of the implications of this aberrant anatomy may lead to intraoperative or postoperative complications.  Here, we present two cases of patients undergoing renal surgeries with duplicate IVC.  We then review the embryologic origin and anatomic findings in those with abnormal IVC anatomy as well as discuss the surgical implications and considerations for urologists. 
KW  - inferior vena cava
KW  -  anatomical variation
KW  -  urologic surgery
KW  -  renal

DO  -