@Article{CL.2025.227.603,
AUTHOR = {D. A. Adu-Boadu, M. Paal, M. B. Mensah, I. Nkrumah, R. Y. Tamakloe, F. K. Ampong, R. K. Nkum, F. Boakye},
TITLE = {Synthesis and characterization of Cd<sub>1-x</sub>Pb<sub>x</sub>Se (0≤ x ≤1) thin films deposited by chemical bath for photovoltaic application},
JOURNAL = {Chalcogenide Letters},
VOLUME = {22},
YEAR = {2025},
NUMBER = {7},
PAGES = {603--614},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/CL/v22n7/64847},
ISSN = {1584-8663},
ABSTRACT = {Cd<sub>1-x</sub>Pb<sub>x</sub>Se (0≤ x ≤ 1) thin films with values of x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5 and 1, have been deposited 
by chemical bath technique for photovoltaic application. The deposition temperature, time 
and pH of the reactive solutions were 80℃, 150 min and 11 respectively. The XRD results 
confirmed the polycrystalline nature of all the films. It also showed that all the films exist 
in face centered cubic structures. There were no pure phases of CdSe and PbSe identified in 
the XRD results of the ternary compounds. The average grain sizes determined for each 
sample were found to be between 10.503, and 14.113 nm and their corresponding lattice 
constants were found to range from 0.605 and 0.6128 nm. The dislocation densities were 
also found to decrease with increasing lead content and ranged between 9.065×10<sup>14</sup>
 and 
5.021×10<sup>14</sup>
 m<sup>2</sup>
. The EDX analysis conducted confirmed the deposition of Cd<sub>1-x</sub>Pb<sub>x</sub>Se thin 
films. It was also observed that with the increase in lead content in the CdSe crystal lattice 
host, the grain sizes and intergranular spacing increased. The band gaps were found to 
decrease with increasing lead content from 1.80 to 1.38 eV, which are well within the 
optimum range for photovoltaic application.},
DOI = {10.15251/CL.2025.227.603}
}