@Article{CL.2025.229.787,
AUTHOR = {U. Chalapathi, M. Vasudeva Reddy, C. P. Reddy, R. Dhanalakshmi, A. Divya, K. Mohanarangam, S. H. Park},
TITLE = {Chemically deposited cubic SnS photocathodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting},
JOURNAL = {Chalcogenide Letters},
VOLUME = {22},
YEAR = {2025},
NUMBER = {9},
PAGES = {787--796},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/CL/v22n9/64831},
ISSN = {1584-8663},
ABSTRACT = {Recently, cubic SnS shows promising potential for optoelectronic applications, including solar 
cells. Despite its advantages, the photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of cubic SnS 
photoelectrodes remain underexplored. This study examines the PEC performance of cubic 
SnS photocathodes synthesized on FTO substrates via chemical bath deposition and annealed 
at 250o
C for varying durations (10, 20, and 30 min). The as-deposited SnS films, characterized 
by a cubic crystal structure (lattice parameter: 1.162 nm, crystallite size: 17 nm), an energy 
gap of 1.75 eV, and an initial photocurrent of 0.8 mA/cm2
 at -1 V vs. Hg/HgO, showed 
significant enhancement upon annealing. A 10-minute annealing improved grain size and 
boosted the photocurrent to 1.4 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>
, while 20 minutes yielded optimized grain growth and 
uniformity, achieving 1.9 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>
. However, prolonged annealing (30 min) induced a 
secondary SnS2 phase, reducing performance. These findings highlight the importance of 
controlled annealing for optimizing cubic SnS PEC performance. },
DOI = {10.15251/CL.2025.229.787}
}