@Article{,
AUTHOR = {A. Veronica Araya, Violeta Pavez, Claudio Perez, Fermin Gonzalez, Alicia Colombo, Adam Aguirre, Irene Schiattino, Juan C. Aguillón},
TITLE = {<i>Ex vivo</i> lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE<sub>2</sub> secretion in whole blood from Type 1 diabetes mellitus patients with or without aggressive periodontitis},
JOURNAL = {European Cytokine Network},
VOLUME = {14},
YEAR = {2003},
NUMBER = {3},
PAGES = {128--133},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/ECN/v14n3/66527},
ISSN = {1952-4005},
ABSTRACT = {Several studies have demonstrated that diabetes is a risk factor for developing periodontal disease,
increasing its prevalence and severity. Furthermore, periodontitis may impair the metabolic control and adequate
treatment of diabetic patients. LPS from Gram-negative bacteria penetrates the periodontal tissues and
subsequently recruits and activates immune cells. Progression to severe periodontitis with loss of supporting
structures is mediated by several factors, including secretion of a broad spectrum of inflammatory and destructive
mediators such as cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), chemokines (IL-8) and prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>).<br/>
The aim of this work is to investigate differences in the TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 expression and prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub>
(PGE<sub>2</sub>) release in blood from diabetic patients with and without aggressive periodontitis (AP) stimulated with
lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For this purpose we recruited 29 Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, 14 with AP
and 15 without AP. Fourteen healthy individuals formed the control group. For cytokine expression and PGE<sub>2</sub>
secretion, an ex vivo whole blood culture system was used . Cytokines and PGE<sub>2</sub> were detected by commercial
immunometric assays. A wide range of inter-individual variability in spontaneous and LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-1β
and IL-6 levels in patient groups and controls was found. The mean of spontaneous and LPS-induced TNF-α and
IL-1β levels did not differ significantly (p > 0.5) when patients were compared to control individuals. Although not
significant, the spontaneous TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in the group of Type 1 DM with AP were higher than
in controls, while in diabetic patients without AP, these values were depressed in comparison with controls. In both
groups of patients, the means of LPS-induced IL-6 levels were higher than the controls but the differences
observed were not significant (p = 0.07).<br/>
However, the LPS-induced PGE<sub>2</sub> levels varied significantly when all groups were compared (p = 0.007). The
means of LPS-induced PGE<sub>2</sub> levels for Type 1 diabetic patients with AP (p = 0.0009) and without AP (p = 0.024)
were significantly higher than the levels observed for healthy controls. Finally, we conclude that Type 1 diabetic
patients with or without AP did not express higher LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels than controls.
However, the PGE<sub>2</sub> levels released were significantly higher than those detected in controls.},
DOI = {}
}