@Article{,
AUTHOR = {Anna Maria Megiovanni, Françoise Sanchez, Jean Claude Gluckman, Michelle Rosenzwajg},
TITLE = {Double-stranded RNA stimulation or CD40 ligation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells as models to study their activation and maturation process},
JOURNAL = {European Cytokine Network},
VOLUME = {15},
YEAR = {2004},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {126--134},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/ECN/v15n2/66391},
ISSN = {1952-4005},
ABSTRACT = {Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were used as an in vitro model of myeloid DCs in order to
determine a minimum marker pattern with which to characterize and distinguish different stages of DC activation
and maturation. Phenotypic changes induced on immature DCs by two prototypic stimuli, poly I:C and
CD40 ligation, were first examined. Both elicited HLA-DR, CD40, CD86 and CXCR4 upregulation, and CCR5
downregulation, but only CD40 ligand-stimulated DCs became CD83<sup>+</sup>
/CCR7<sup>+</sup>
, whereas poly I:C-stimulated DCs
expressed lower CD83 levels and were mostly CCR7<sup>–</sup>
. CD40 ligation and poly I:C elicited increased production of
inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a, of IL-10 and the CCL5 chemokine, but
profiles differed as to higher IL-10, IL-12 and CCL22 (a CCR4 ligand important for T cell recruitment) levels for
the former, and of CCL4 and CCL5 for the latter. Thus, a limited set of phenotypic markers, cytokine and
chemokine production assays, may be used to distinguish the three stages in the life of DCs: immaturity, activation
and full maturation. The ability of purified protein derivative-loaded DCs to stimulate autologous T cells to
produce IL-2, IL-4 and interferon-c indeed depended on their activation stage and endocytic activity, which
decreased upon maturation. We then examined whether ligation of CD4, CCR5 and/or CXCR4, the receptor and
coreceptors of human immunodeficiency virus envelope gp120, respectively, affected DC activation or maturation,
neither a monoclonal antibody to the gp120-binding site on CD4 nor CCL5 nor CXCL12, the natural ligands of
CCR5 and CXCR4, respectively, nor gp120 altered the DC activation and maturation processes.},
DOI = {}
}