@Article{ecn.2006.0033,
AUTHOR = {Ahmed M. Abu El-Asrar, Sofie Struyf, Dustan Kangave, Karel Geboes, Jo Van Damme},
TITLE = {Chemokines in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative vitreoretinopathy},
JOURNAL = {European Cytokine Network},
VOLUME = {17},
YEAR = {2006},
NUMBER = {3},
PAGES = {155--165},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/ECN/v17n3/66145},
ISSN = {1952-4005},
ABSTRACT = {Purpose. To determine levels of the chemokines CCL1/I-309, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α,
CCL4/MIP-1β, CCL7/MCP-3, CCL8/MCP-2, CXCL5/ENA-78, CXCL6/GCP-2, CXCL10/IP-10, and CXCL11/I-TAC
in the vitreous humor and serum, from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), proliferative
vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with no PVR (RD), and to investigate the
expression of MCP-1, CXCL12/SDF-1, and the chemokine receptor CXCR3 in epiretinal membranes. Methods.
Paired vitreous humor and serum samples were obtained from patients undergoing vitrectomy for the treatment
of RD (57 specimens), PVR (32 specimens), and PDR (88 specimens). The levels of chemokines were measured by
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Eighteen PDR and 5 PVR membranes were studied by immunohistochemi-cal
techniques. Results. Of all the chemokines studied, only MCP-1 and IP-10 were detected in vitreous humor
samples. MCP-1 levels in vitreous humor samples were significantly higher than in serum samples (p < 0.001).
MCP-1 levels were significantly higher in vitreous humor samples from patients with PVR and PDR compared
with RD (p = 0.0002). MCP-1 levels in vitreous humor samples from patients with active PDR were significantly
higher than in inactive PDR cases (p = 0.0224). IP-10 levels in vitreous humor samples were significantly higher
than in serum samples (p = 0.0035). IP-10 levels were significantly higher in vitreous humor samples from patients
with PVR and PDR compared with RD (p = 0.0083). The incidence of IP-10 detection in vitreous humor samples
was significantly higher in active PDR cases compared with inactive cases (p = 0.0214). There was a significant
association between the incidence of IP-10 detection and increased levels of MCP-1 in vitreous humor samples
from all patients, and patients with RD and PDR (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). MCP-1, and SDF-1 were
localized in myofibroblasts in PVR and PDR membranes and in vascular endothelial cells in PDR membranes.
CXCR3 was expressed by vascular endothelial cells in PDR membranes. Conclusion. MCP-1, IP-10 and SDF-1
may participate in pathogenesis of PVR and PDR. Myofibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells are the major cell
types expressing MCP-1, SDF-1, and CXCR3 in epiretinal membranes.},
DOI = {10.1684/ecn.2006.0033}
}