@Article{ecn.2009.0182,
AUTHOR = {Johannes Nemeth, Heide-Maria Winkler, Franz Karlhofer, Nicole Selenko-Gebauer, Wolfgang Graninger, Stefan Winkler},
TITLE = {T cells co-producing <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>-specific type 1 cytokines for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis},
JOURNAL = {European Cytokine Network},
VOLUME = {21},
YEAR = {2010},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {34--39},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/ECN/v21n1/65877},
ISSN = {1952-4005},
ABSTRACT = {Patients treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-antagonizing medication are at increased risk
of developing active tuberculosis (TB), brought about mainly by reactivation of latent infection. Thus, screening
for latent TB infection (LTBI) prior to administration of anti-TNF-α-therapy is required. For a long time, the
tuberculin skin test (TST) was the only means of diagnosing LTBI, however, interferon-gamma-release assays
(IGRAs), are promising new tools. Fifty two patients with dermatological disorders were included prior to imple-mentation
of anti-TNF-α therapy. <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (MTB)-specific cytokine production, including
interferon (IFN)-γ, TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10, was measured in CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells by cytokine
flow cytometry following stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with purified protein deriva-tive
(PPD) and early secretion antigenic target (ESAT)-6. Simultaneously, a TST was administered and 11 were
TST-positive. Generally, MTB-specific IFN-γ produced by CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells correlated well with TST results. CD4+
T cells co-producing specific IFN-γ and TNF-α after ESAT-6 stimulation showed the highest overall agreement
with the TST (Kappa [κ] = 0.87). Each single cytokine displayed individual patterns, the expression of IFN-γ,
however, showed the highest concordance with the TST (κ = 0.82). This suggests that the enumeration of MTB-specific
CD4+ T cells might introduce greater specificity for the diagnosis of latent TB, compared to the TST.},
DOI = {10.1684/ecn.2009.0182}
}