@Article{ecn.2019.0435,
AUTHOR = {Laleh Sharifi, Asghar Aghamohammadi, Nima Rezaei, Reza Yazdani, Farhad Rezaei, Saied Bokaie, Farzaneh Tofighi Zavareh, Fatemeh Kiaee, Ali N. Kamali, Gholamreza Azizi, Abbas Mirshafiey},
TITLE = {Interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 in Common Variable Immunodeficiency and their association with subtypes of B cells and response to the Pneumovax-23 vaccine},
JOURNAL = {European Cytokine Network},
VOLUME = {30},
YEAR = {2019},
NUMBER = {4},
PAGES = {123--129},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/ECN/v30n4/65382},
ISSN = {1952-4005},
ABSTRACT = {Introduction: Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic form of
primary immunodeficiencies. Current research data show altered B cells, TLRs, and cytokine profile in CVID
patients. The aim of this study was to determine levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in CVID patients in response to TLRs
stimulation and the association of these cytokines with subtypes of B cells and response to Pneumovax-23
vaccination. Method: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of CIVD patients were stimulated with and without TLR2
and TLR4 agonist and specific inhibitors including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoteichoic (LTA), and OxPAPC.
The levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were assessed by ELISA in different treatment groups. Finally, association of
cytokines levels was assessed among different subtypes of B cells and types of response to Pneumovax-23 vaccine.
Results: Secretion of IL-6 and IL-1β was significantly diminished in CVID patients (p = 0.015 and p = 0.019), but
ligand engagement of TLR2 and TLR4 leads to significant increase in IL-6 and IL-1β production. IL-6 was
significantly lower in Pneumovax-23 hypo responder patients (p = 0.05) and significant correlations between the
concentration of IL-6 and the number of switched memory and CD21<sup>low</sup> expressing B cells were found. Conclusion:
Secretion of IL-6 and IL-1β is abolished in CVID patients. However, TLR2 and TLR4 are hyper responsive to
stimulation with their cognate ligands resulting in the secretion of higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines. This
characteristic of CVID TLRs leads to an improvement of cytokine secretion compared to baseline levels. Also, our
novel findings about the association concentrations of serum IL-6 and the frequency of with switched memory and
CD21<sup>low</sup> expressing B cells as well as the poor response to Pneumovax-23 should be substantiated by the use of a
higher sample size in future studies.},
DOI = {10.1684/ecn.2019.0435}
}