TY  - EJOU
AU  - Rašeta, Milena 
AU  - Djokić, Sanja 
AU  - Stanisavljević, Sladjana 
AU  - Tadić, Jelena 
AU  - Lesjak, Marija 
AU  - Simin, Nataša 
AU  - Živanović, Nemanja 

TI  - Natural Products as Nrf2 Modulators for Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
T2  - BIOCELL

PY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
SN  - 1667-5746

AB  - Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by dopaminergic neuronal loss, mitochondrial impairment, neuroinflammation, and excessive oxidative stress. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a central role in maintaining cellular redox balance and regulating cytoprotective gene expression, positioning it as an attractive therapeutic target in PD. A growing body of evidence highlights that diverse natural products, including polyphenols, alkaloids, lactones, polyamines, terpenoids, and related secondary metabolites, can modulate Nrf2 signaling and confer neuroprotection. This review provides a comprehensive and updated overview of these compounds, focusing on their molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 activation, as well as their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mitochondria-protective effects demonstrated in <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> PD models. Particular emphasis is placed on structure–activity relationships, mechanistic pathways such as Keap1–Nrf2 disruption, and emerging strategies to overcome limitations in bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives for translating Nrf2-targeting natural products into clinically relevant therapies are critically discussed.
KW  - Nrf2 signaling; Parkinson’s disease; natural products; polyphenols; alkaloids; polyamines; terpenoids; oxidative stress; neuroprotection

DO  - 10.32604/biocell.2026.084885