@Article{biocell.2026.081392,
AUTHOR = {Hiromasa Tsuda, Daichi Horikoshi, Yoshikazu Mikami},
TITLE = {Short-Chain Fatty Acids from Oral Microbiota in Periodontal Pathology: Epigenetic and Oxidative Mechanisms of Cellular Injury},
JOURNAL = {BIOCELL},
VOLUME = {},
YEAR = {},
NUMBER = {},
PAGES = {{pages}},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/biocell/online/detail/27826},
ISSN = {1667-5746},
ABSTRACT = {Plaque-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have emerged as potential contributors to periodontal inflammation and tissue destruction. Gram-negative anaerobic dental plaque bacteria produce millimolar concentrations of SCFAs. SCFAs directly affect gingival epithelial cells and infiltrating neutrophils, inducing membrane-disruptive cell death accompanied by the release of damage-associated molecular patterns, which can cause inflammation. In neutrophils, this process is also associated with the extracellular release of peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) and citrullinated proteins, suggesting a potential link between periodontal inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes current knowledge on the mechanisms of SCFA-induced cell death in gingival epithelial cells and neutrophils. Based on these mechanisms, this review also discusses experimental and hypothetical strategies for suppressing SCFA-induced cell death. The main conclusion is that mechanical plaque control remains essential for reducing SCFA production, but adjunctive approaches targeting oxidative stress, epigenetic regulation, and PAD4-related pathways may further help limit SCFA-mediated inflammatory damage.},
DOI = {10.32604/biocell.2026.081392}
}