TY  - EJOU
AU  - ALBERTO-SILVA, CARLOS 
AU  - SILVA, BRENDA RUFINO DA 

TI  - Molecular and cellular mechanisms of neuroprotection by oligopeptides from snake venoms
T2  - BIOCELL

PY  - 2024
VL  - 48
IS  - 6
SN  - 1667-5746

AB  - Venom snake-derived peptides have multiple biochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological profiles, allowing for the discovery of new medicinal products and therapeutic applications. This review specifically examines the fundamental elements of neuroprotection offered by different oligopeptides derived from snake venom. It also includes a brief evaluation of short peptides that are being considered as potential therapeutic agents. Proline-rich peptides and tryptophyllin family peptides isolated from the crude venom of Viperidae family snakes, specifically <i>Bothrops atrox</i>, <i>Bothrops jararaca</i>, and <i>Bothrops moojeni</i>, have been shown to have pro-survival properties, the ability to reduce oxidative stress, and the ability to promote cell viability and mitochondrial functions. Three significant mechanisms are related to the neuroprotection mediated by snake venom oligopeptides: (1) Activation of the L-arginine metabolite pathway, such as polyamines from ornithine metabolism, which reduces N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptor activity; (2) Enhancement of cell viability by activating the nerve growth factor-signaling pathway; and (3) Activation of the Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M1 (mAChR-M1). These small peptides show promise as neuroprotective agents against a variety of neurodegenerative disorders.
KW  - Neuroprotective peptides; Neurodegenerative disease; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species; Biopeptides

DO  - 10.32604/biocell.2024.050443