@Article{cmc.2026.085412,
AUTHOR = {Mian Muhammad Kamal, Tianjun Ma, Mohammed K. Alzaylaee, Husam S. Samkari, Mohammed F. Allehyani, Omar Almomani, Heba G. Mohamed},
TITLE = {A Unified Generative and Explainable Artificial Intelligence Framework for Trustworthy Intrusion Detection in Cyber-Physical Networks},
JOURNAL = {Computers, Materials \& Continua},
VOLUME = {},
YEAR = {},
NUMBER = {},
PAGES = {{pages}},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/cmc/online/detail/27595},
ISSN = {1546-2226},
ABSTRACT = {The cyber-physical network (CPS) combines sensing, communication, and control in physical processes, making them very susceptible to sophisticated cyber-attacks that may cause safety-critical effects. There are two core shortcomings to existing intrusion detection systems (IDS): generative-only models have little transparency of decision-making, while explainable-only models have low robustness in the presence of imbalanced and zero-day attacks. This paper presents a sequentially integrated trustworthy intrusion detection (ID) framework that combines generative learning and explainable AI (XAI) to boost robustness and transparency. The generative module enhances training data diversity, while the explainability module provides post-hoc interpretations during inference. The framework exploits a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to tackle the issue of class imbalance and boost generalization to untrained attacks, and SHAP, LIME, and attention-based approaches give instance-level and feature-level explanations. The proposed framework is proven to significantly improve the performance of the state-of-the-art methods through extensive evaluations on industrial CPS, industrial IoT-based CPS, and smart grid-based datasets. In terms of quantitative metrics, it achieves 97.4% accuracy, 96.1% F1-score, 3.1% false alarm rate, 0.983 AUC, and 91.2% zero-day attack detection (compared to 84.7% for GAN-only and 78.6% for XAI-only). The proposed framework provides a qualitative framework that enables the derivation of transparent, human-understandable decisions that are not compromised in terms of detection performance while maintaining an inference latency of 2.6 ms per sample, suitable for real-time CPS monitoring. The results validate the effectiveness of the integration of generative learning and explainable AI as a secure, transparent, and trusted solution to securing modern cyber–physical networks, where current generative-only and explainable-only IDS methods are unable to cover the essential needs.},
DOI = {10.32604/cmc.2026.085412}
}