@Article{cmc.2020.011535,
AUTHOR = {Kiranbir Kaur, Sandeep Sharma, Karanjeet Singh Kahlon},
TITLE = {A Middleware for Polyglot Persistence and Data Portability of Big  Data PaaS Cloud Applications},
JOURNAL = {Computers, Materials \& Continua},
VOLUME = {65},
YEAR = {2020},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {1625--1647},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/cmc/v65n2/39897},
ISSN = {1546-2226},
ABSTRACT = {Vendor lock-in can occur at any layer of the cloud stack-Infrastructure, Platform, 
and Software-as-a-service. This paper covers the vendor lock-in issue at Platform as a 
Service (PaaS) level where applications can be created, deployed, and managed without 
worrying about the underlying infrastructure. These applications and their persisted data on 
one PaaS provider are not easy to port to another provider. To overcome this issue, we 
propose a middleware to abstract and make the database services as cloud-agnostic. The 
middleware supports several SQL and NoSQL data stores that can be hosted and ported
among disparate PaaS providers. It facilitates the developers with data portability and data 
migration among relational and NoSQL-based cloud databases. NoSQL databases are 
fundamental to endure Big Data applications as they support the handling of an enormous 
volume of highly variable data while assuring fault tolerance, availability, and scalability. 
The implementation of the middleware depicts that using it alleviates the efforts of 
rewriting the application code while changing the backend database system. A working 
protocol of a migration tool has been developed using this middleware to facilitate the 
migration of the database (move existing data from a database on one cloud to a new 
database even on a different cloud). Although the middleware adds some overhead 
compared to the native code for the cloud services being used, the experimental evaluation 
on Twitter (a Big Data application) data set, proves this overhead is negligible.},
DOI = {10.32604/cmc.2020.011535}
}