TY  - EJOU
AU  - Ullah, Shakir 
AU  - Ullah, Sadiq 
AU  - Ahmad, Inzamam 
AU  - Khan, Wasi Ur Rehman 
AU  - Ahmad, Toufeeq 
AU  - Habib, Usman 
AU  - Albreem, Mahmoud A. 
AU  - Alsharif, Mohammed H. 
AU  - Uthansakul, Peerapong 

TI  - Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Portable Wireless Applications
T2  - Computers, Materials \& Continua

PY  - 2021
VL  - 68
IS  - 3
SN  - 1546-2226

AB  - In this paper, the design and experimental evaluation of a hexagonal-shaped coplanar waveguide (CPW)-feed frequency reconfigurable antenna is presented using flame retardant (FR)-4 substrate with size of 37 × 35 × 1.6 mm<sup>3</sup>. The antenna is made tunable to three different modes through the status of two pin diodes to operate in four distinct frequency bands, i.e., 2.45 GHz wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) in MODE 1, 3.3 GHz (5G sub-6 GHz band) in MODE 2, 2.1 GHz (3G Long Term Evolution (LTE)-advanced) and 3.50 GHz Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) in MODE 3. The optimization through simulation modeling shows that the proposed antenna can provide adequate gain (1.44~2.2 dB), sufficient bandwidth (200~920 MHz) and high radiation efficiency (80%~95%) in the four resonating frequency bands. Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 1.5 is achieved for all bands with properly matched characteristics of the antenna. To validate the simulation results, fabrication of the proposed optimized design is performed, and experimental analysis is found to be in a considerable amount of agreement. Due to its reasonably small size and support of multiple frequency bands operation, the proposed antenna can support portable devices for handheld 5G and Wireless LAN (WLAN) applications.
KW  - LTE; WiMAX; coplanar waveguide; frequency reconfigurable antenna

DO  - 10.32604/cmc.2021.015549