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Mudita Uppal¹, Deepali Gupta¹, Divya Anand², Fahd S. Alharithi³, Jasem Almotiri³, Arturo Mansilla^4,5, Dinesh Singh⁶, Nitin Goyal^1,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1799-1814, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025330
Abstract The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) devices deploys various sensors in different applications like homes, cities and offices. IoT applications depend upon the accuracy of sensor data. So, it is necessary to predict faults in the sensor and isolate their cause. A novel primitive technique named fall curve is presented in this paper which characterizes sensor faults. This technique identifies the faulty sensor and determines the correct working of the sensor. Different sources of sensor faults are explained in detail whereas various faults that occurred in sensor nodes available in IoT devices are also presented in tabular form.… More >

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Shruti Jain¹, Cherry Bhargava², Vijayakumar Varadarajan³, Ketan Kotecha^4,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1815-1829, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024004
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Bio-Inspired Computational Intelligence and Optimization Techniques for Real-World Engineering Applications)
Abstract In the recent decade, different researchers have performed hardware implementation for different applications covering various areas of experts. In this research paper, a novel analog design and implementation of different steps of fuzzy systems with current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) are proposed with a compact structure that can be used in many signal processing applications. The proposed circuits are capable of wide input current range, simple structure, and are highly linear. Different electrical parameters were compared for the proposed fuzzy system when using different membership functions. The novelty of this paper lies in the electronic implementation of different steps for… More >

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769

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V. Gayatri^*, M. Senthil Kumaran
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1831-1845, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021857
Abstract Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a group of node that would interrelate among each other through one multi-hop wireless link, wherein the nodes were able to move in response to sudden modifications. The objective of MANET routing protocol is to quantify the route and compute the best path, but there exists a major decrease in energy efficiency, difficulty in hop selection, cost estimation, and efficient load-balancing. In this paper, a novel least common multipath-based routing has been proposed. Multipath routing is used to find a multipath route from source and destination. Load balancing is of primary importance in the… More >

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771

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Mohamed Kayid^*, Tareq Alsayed
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1847-1860, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025401
Abstract An important property that any lifetime model should satisfy is scale invariance. In this paper, a new scale-invariant quasi-inverse Lindley (QIL) model is presented and studied. Its basic properties, including moments, quantiles, skewness, kurtosis, and Lorenz curve, have been investigated. In addition, the well-known dynamic reliability measures, such as failure rate (FR), reversed failure rate (RFR), mean residual life (MRL), mean inactivity time (MIT), quantile residual life (QRL), and quantile inactivity time (QIT) are discussed. The FR function considers the decreasing or upside-down bathtub-shaped, and the MRL and median residual lifetime may have a bathtub-shaped form. The parameters of the… More >

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781

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Nadia Mustaqim Ansari^1,*, Rashid Hussain², Sheeraz Arif³, Syed Sajjad Hussain⁴
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1861-1875, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023516
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computational Models for Pro-Smart Environments in Data Science Assisted IoT Systems)
Abstract The security of Internet of Things (IoT) is a challenging task for researchers due to plethora of IoT networks. Side Channel Attacks (SCA) are one of the major concerns. The prime objective of SCA is to acquire the information by observing the power consumption, electromagnetic (EM) field, timing analysis, and acoustics of the device. Later, the attackers perform statistical functions to recover the key. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm has proved to be a good security solution for constrained IoT devices. This paper implements a simulation model which is used to modify the AES algorithm using logical masking properties. This… More >

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1051

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Jesús Hamilton Ortiz¹, Carlos Andrés Tavera Romero^2,*, Bazil Taha Ahmed³, Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf⁴
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1877-1899, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023796
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Application of Big Data Analytics in the Management of Business)
Abstract This article shows the quality of services in a wireless swarm of drones that form an ad hoc network between them Fly Ad Hoc Networks (FANET). Each drone has the ability to send and receive information (like a router); and can behave as a hierarchical node whit the intregration of three protocols: Multiprotocol Label Switch (MPLS), Fast Hierarchical AD Hoc Mobile (FHAM) and Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6), in conclusion MPLS + FHAM + IPv6. The metrics analyzed in the FANET are: delay, jitter, throughput, lost and sent packets/received. Testing process was carried out with swarms composed of 10, 20,… More >

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892

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Mohammad Alkhedher^*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1901-1920, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025334
Abstract Modern fighters are designed to fly at high angle of attacks reaching 90 deg as part of their routine maneuvers. These maneuvers generate complex nonlinear and unsteady aerodynamic loading. In this study, different aerodynamic prediction tools are investigated to achieve a model which is highly accurate, less computational, and provides a stable prediction of associated unsteady aerodynamics that results from high angle of attack maneuvers. These prediction tools include Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model, Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Logic Inference System (ANFIS), Fourier model, and Polynomial Classifier Networks (PCN). The main aim of the prediction model is to estimate the pitch… More >

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1283

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821

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Ahmed Althobaiti¹, Abdullah Alhumaidi Alotaibi², Sayed Abdel-Khalek³, Suliman A. Alsuhibany⁴, Romany F. Mansour^5,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1921-1938, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025550
Abstract Latest advancements in the integration of camera sensors paves a way for new Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) applications such as analyzing geographical (spatial) variations of earth science in mitigating harmful environmental impacts and climate change. UAVs have achieved significant attention as a remote sensing environment, which captures high-resolution images from different scenes such as land, forest fire, flooding threats, road collision, landslides, and so on to enhance data analysis and decision making. Dynamic scene classification has attracted much attention in the examination of earth data captured by UAVs. This paper proposes a new multi-modal fusion based earth data classification (MMF-EDC)… More >

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762

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ARTICLE

Jianbing Ma^1,*, Xianghao Cui¹, Nan Jiang²
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1939-1949, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025206
Abstract Sudden precipitations may bring troubles or even huge harm to people's daily lives. Hence a timely and accurate precipitation nowcasting is expected to be an indispensable part of our modern life. Traditionally, the rainfall intensity estimation from weather radar is based on the relationship between radar reflectivity factor (Z) and rainfall rate (R), which is typically estimated by location-dependent experiential formula and arguably uncertain. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a deep learning-based method to model the ZR relation. To evaluate, we conducted our experiment with the Shenzhen precipitation dataset. We proposed a combined method of deep learning and the… More >

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1442

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770

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Manar Ahmed Hamza^1,*, Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud², Souad Larabi-Marie-Sainte³, Haya Mesfer Alshahrani⁴, Mesfer Al Duhayyim⁵, Hamza Awad Ibrahim⁶, Mohammed Rizwanullah¹, Ishfaq Yaseen¹
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1951-1965, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024692
Abstract Generally, software testing is considered as a proficient technique to achieve improvement in quality and reliability of the software. But, the quality of test cases has a considerable influence on fault revealing capability of software testing activity. Test Case Prioritization (TCP) remains a challenging issue since prioritizing test cases is unsatisfactory in terms of Average Percentage of Faults Detected (APFD) and time spent upon execution results. TCP is mainly intended to design a collection of test cases that can accomplish early optimization using preferred characteristics. The studies conducted earlier focused on prioritizing the available test cases in accelerating fault detection… More >

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1319

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768

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ARTICLE

Amira Hamed Abo-Elghit^1,*, Taher Hamza¹, Aya Al-Zoghby²
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1967-1994, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025353
Abstract Nowadays, we can use the multi-task learning approach to train a machine-learning algorithm to learn multiple related tasks instead of training it to solve a single task. In this work, we propose an algorithm for estimating textual similarity scores and then use these scores in multiple tasks such as text ranking, essay grading, and question answering systems. We used several vectorization schemes to represent the Arabic texts in the SemEval2017-task3-subtask-D dataset. The used schemes include lexical-based similarity features, frequency-based features, and pre-trained model-based features. Also, we used contextual-based embedding models such as Arabic Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (AraBERT). We… More >

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1262

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Mutasem K. Alsmadi^1,*, Ghaith M. Jaradat², Malek Alzaqebah³, Ibrahim ALmarashdeh¹, Fahad A. Alghamdi¹, Rami Mustafa A. Mohammad⁴, Nahier Aldhafferi⁴, Abdullah Alqahtani⁴
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1995-2014, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025077
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Machine Learning Empowered Secure Computing for Intelligent Systems)
Abstract Timetabling problem is among the most difficult operational tasks and is an important step in raising industrial productivity, capability, and capacity. Such tasks are usually tackled using metaheuristics techniques that provide an intelligent way of suggesting solutions or decision-making. Swarm intelligence techniques including Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have proved to be effective examples. Different recent experiments showed that the PSO algorithm is reliable for timetabling in many applications such as educational and personnel timetabling, machine scheduling, etc. However, having an optimal solution is extremely challenging but having a sub-optimal solution using heuristics or metaheuristics is guaranteed. This research paper seeks… More >

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Rohit Raja¹, Chetan Swarup², Abhishek Kumar^3,*, Kamred Udham Singh⁴, Teekam Singh⁵, Dinesh Gupta⁶, Neeraj Varshney⁷, Swati Jain⁸
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 2015-2031, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022904
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Edge Computing and Machine Learning for Improving Healthcare Services)
Abstract As far as the present state is concerned in detecting the behavioral pattern of humans (subject) using morphological image processing, a considerable portion of the study has been conducted utilizing frontal vision data of human faces. The present research work had used a side vision of human-face data to develop a theoretical framework via a hybrid analytical model approach. In this example, hybridization includes an artificial neural network (ANN) with a genetic algorithm (GA). We researched the geometrical properties extracted from side-vision human-face data. An additional study was conducted to determine the ideal number of geometrical characteristics to pick while… More >

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1899

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846

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Wahidur Rahman¹, Naif Al Mudawi^2,*, Abdulwahab Alazeb², Muhammad Minoar Hossain¹, Saima Siddique Tashfia¹, Md. Tarequl Islam¹, Shisir Mia¹, Mohammad Motiur Rahman¹
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 2033-2053, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025025
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Soft Computing and Machine Learning for Predictive Data Analytics)
Abstract On the edge of the worldwide public health crisis, the COVID-19 disease has become a serious headache for its destructive nature on humanity worldwide. Wearing a facial mask can be an effective possible solution to mitigate the spreading of the virus and reduce the death rate. Thus, wearing a face mask in public places such as shopping malls, hotels, restaurants, homes, and offices needs to be enforced. This research work comes up with a solution of mask surveillance system utilizing the mechanism of modern computations like Deep Learning (DL), Internet of things (IoT), and Blockchain. The absence or displacement of… More >

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882

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ARTICLE

Phi-Hung Nguyen^1,2,*, Thanh-Tuan Dang³, Kim-Anh Nguyen¹, Hong-Anh Pham¹
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 2055-2075, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025532
Abstract In international trade, exporters prefer to receive payments as quickly as possible, and importers want to make payments as late as possible. In this respect, the payment field, an essential condition for trade transactions, also represents the positions of exporters and importers conflict. In addition, there are many cases in which various variables must be considered rather than only one specific variable representatively affecting payment, particularly in the case of import-export Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) from emerging countries. A selection of proper payment methods can be categorized as a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) issue. Therefore, this study aims to propose… More >

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863

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Adel D. Rajab^*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 2077-2092, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025736
Abstract In the Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart city applications, employing the Data Collectors (DC) as the data brokers between the nodes and Base Station (BS) can be a promising solution to enhance the energy efficiency of energy-constrained IoT sensor nodes. There are several schemes that utilize mobile DCs to collect the data packets from sensor nodes. However, moving DCs along the hundreds of thousands of sensors sparsely distributed across a smart city is considered a design challenge in such schemes. Another concern lies in how these mobile DCs are being powered. Therefore, to overcome these limitations, we exploit multiple energy-limited… More >

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1561

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1158

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Mehmet Murat Huyut^1,*, Batuhan Kocaoğlu², Ünzile Meram³
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 2093-2107, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024190
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Application of Big Data Analytics in the Management of Business)
Abstract Regulatory authorities create a lot of legislation that must be followed. These create complex compliance requirements and time-consuming processes to find regulatory non-compliance. While the regulations establish rules in the relevant areas, recommendations and best practices for compliance are not generally mentioned. Best practices are often used to find a solution to this problem. There are numerous governance, management, and security frameworks in Information Technology (IT) area to guide businesses to run their processes at a much more mature level. Best practice maps can used to map another best practice, and users can adapt themselves by the help of this… More >

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8

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Manal M. Khayyat^1,2, Lamiaa A. Elrefaei^2,3, Mashael M. Khayyat^4,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 2109-2125, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024975
Abstract Classifying the visual features in images to retrieve a specific image is a significant problem within the computer vision field especially when dealing with historical faded colored images. Thus, there were lots of efforts trying to automate the classification operation and retrieve similar images accurately. To reach this goal, we developed a VGG19 deep convolutional neural network to extract the visual features from the images automatically. Then, the distances among the extracted features vectors are measured and a similarity score is generated using a Siamese deep neural network. The Siamese model built and trained at first from scratch but, it… More >

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1249

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733

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Hojin Kang¹, Syed Asmat Ali Shah², HyungWon Kim^1,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 2127-2139, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025798
Abstract This paper presents an energy efficient architecture for successive approximation register (SAR) analog to digital converter (ADC). SAR ADCs with a capacitor array structure have been widely used because of its simple architecture and relatively high speed. However, conventional SAR ADCs consume relatively high energy due to the large number of capacitors used in the capacitor array and their sizes scaled up along with the number of bits. The proposed architecture reduces the energy consumption as well as the capacitor size by employing a new array architecture that scales down the reference voltages instead of scaling up the capacitor sizes.… More >

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1482

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Muhammad Irfan^1,*, Nasir Ayub², Faisal Althobiani³, Zain Ali⁴, Muhammad Idrees⁵, Saeed Ullah², Saifur Rahman¹, Abdullah Saeed Alwadie¹, Saleh Mohammed Ghonaim³, Hesham Abdushkour³, Fahad Salem Alkahtani¹, Samar Alqhtani⁶, Piotr Gas⁷
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 2141-2158, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025466
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Towards Big Data Analytics: Smart and Intelligent Techniques for Sustainable Smart Grid)
Abstract One of the major concerns for the utilities in the Smart Grid (SG) is electricity theft. With the implementation of smart meters, the frequency of energy usage and data collection from smart homes has increased, which makes it possible for advanced data analysis that was not previously possible. For this purpose, we have taken historical data of energy thieves and normal users. To avoid imbalance observation, biased estimates, we applied the interpolation method. Furthermore, the data unbalancing issue is resolved in this paper by Nearmiss undersampling technique and makes the data suitable for further processing. By proposing an improved version… More >

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