TY - EJOU AU - Li, Hao AU - Shao, Kuan AU - Wang, Xin AU - Wang, Mufeng AU - Zhang, Zhenyong TI - MMH-FE: A Multi-Precision and Multi-Sourced Heterogeneous Privacy-Preserving Neural Network Training Based on Functional Encryption T2 - Computers, Materials \& Continua PY - 2025 VL - 82 IS - 3 SN - 1546-2226 AB - Due to the development of cloud computing and machine learning, users can upload their data to the cloud for machine learning model training. However, dishonest clouds may infer user data, resulting in user data leakage. Previous schemes have achieved secure outsourced computing, but they suffer from low computational accuracy, difficult-to-handle heterogeneous distribution of data from multiple sources, and high computational cost, which result in extremely poor user experience and expensive cloud computing costs. To address the above problems, we propose a multi-precision, multi-sourced, and multi-key outsourcing neural network training scheme. Firstly, we design a multi-precision functional encryption computation based on Euclidean division. Second, we design the outsourcing model training algorithm based on a multi-precision functional encryption with multi-sourced heterogeneity. Finally, we conduct experiments on three datasets. The results indicate that our framework achieves an accuracy improvement of to . Additionally, it offers a memory space optimization of times compared to the previous best approach. KW - Functional encryption; multi-sourced heterogeneous data; privacy preservation; neural networks DO - 10.32604/cmc.2025.059718