TY  - EJOU
AU  - Ye, Conghuan 
AU  - Tan, Shenglong 
AU  - Li, Shi 
AU  - Wang, Jun 
AU  - Zuo, Qiankun 
AU  - Xiong, Bing 

TI  - Joint Watermarking and Encryption for Social Image Sharing
T2  - Computers, Materials \& Continua

PY  - 2025
VL  - 83
IS  - 2
SN  - 1546-2226

AB  - With the fast development of multimedia social platforms, content dissemination on social media platforms is becoming more popular. Social image sharing can also raise privacy concerns. Image encryption can protect social images. However, most existing image protection methods cannot be applied to multimedia social platforms because of encryption in the spatial domain. In this work, the authors propose a secure social image-sharing method with watermarking/fingerprinting and encryption. First, the fingerprint code with a hierarchical community structure is designed based on social network analysis. Then, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) from block discrete cosine transform (DCT) directly is employed. After that, all codeword segments are embedded into the LL, LH, and HL subbands, respectively. The selected subbands are confused based on Game of Life (GoL), and then all subbands are diffused with singular value decomposition (SVD). Experimental results and security analysis demonstrate the security, invisibility, and robustness of our method. Further, the superiority of the technique is elaborated through comparison with some related image security algorithms. The solution not only performs the fast transformation from block DCT to one-level DWT but also protects users’ privacy in multimedia social platforms. With the proposed method, JPEG image secure sharing in multimedia social platforms can be ensured.
KW  - Multimedia security; digital watermarking; image encryption; image sharing; privacy protection

DO  - 10.32604/cmc.2025.062051