TY  - EJOU
AU  - Setiadi, De Rosal Ignatius Moses 
AU  - Sutojo, T. 
AU  - Rustad, Supriadi 
AU  - Akrom, Muhamad 
AU  - Ghosal, Sudipta Kr 
AU  - Nguyen, Minh T. 
AU  - Ojugo, Arnold Adimabua 

TI  - Single Qubit Quantum Logistic-Sine XYZ-Rotation Maps: An Ultra-Wide Range Dynamics for Image Encryption
T2  - Computers, Materials \& Continua

PY  - 2025
VL  - 83
IS  - 2
SN  - 1546-2226

AB  - Data security has become a growing priority due to the increasing frequency of cyber-attacks, necessitating the development of more advanced encryption algorithms. This paper introduces Single Qubit Quantum Logistic-Sine XYZ-Rotation Maps (SQQLSR), a quantum-based chaos map designed to generate one-dimensional chaotic sequences with an ultra-wide parameter range. The proposed model leverages quantum superposition using Hadamard gates and quantum rotations along the <i>X</i>, <i>Y</i>, and <i>Z</i> axes to enhance randomness. Extensive numerical experiments validate the effectiveness of SQQLSR. The proposed method achieves a maximum Lyapunov exponent (LE) of ≈55.265, surpassing traditional chaotic maps in unpredictability. The bifurcation analysis confirms a uniform chaotic distribution, eliminating periodic windows and ensuring higher randomness. The system also generates an expanded key space exceeding 10<sup>40</sup>, enhancing security against brute-force attacks. Additionally, SQQLSR is applied to image encryption using a simple three-layer encryption scheme combining permutation and substitution techniques. This approach is intentionally designed to highlight the impact of SQQLSR-generated chaotic sequences rather than relying on a complex encryption algorithm. The encryption method achieves an average entropy of 7.9994, NPCR above 99.6%, and UACI within 32.8%–33.8%, confirming its strong randomness and sensitivity to minor modifications. The robustness tests against noise, cropping, and JPEG compression demonstrate its resistance to statistical and differential attacks. Additionally, the decryption process ensures perfect image reconstruction with an infinite PSNR value, proving the algorithm’s reliability. These results highlight SQQLSR’s potential as a lightweight yet highly secure encryption mechanism suitable for quantum cryptography and secure communications.
KW  - Single qubit quantum chaotic; quantum chaotic map; quantum image encryption; quantum logistic map; quantum sine map

DO  - 10.32604/cmc.2025.063729