@Article{cmc.2025.064896,
AUTHOR = {Haolang Feng, Yuling Chen, Yang Huang, Xuewei Wang, Haiwei Sang},
TITLE = {SAMI-FGSM: Towards Transferable Attacks with Stochastic Gradient Accumulation},
JOURNAL = {Computers, Materials \& Continua},
VOLUME = {84},
YEAR = {2025},
NUMBER = {3},
PAGES = {4469--4490},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/cmc/v84n3/63145},
ISSN = {1546-2226},
ABSTRACT = {Deep neural networks remain susceptible to adversarial examples, where the goal of an adversarial attack is to introduce small perturbations to the original examples in order to confuse the model without being easily detected. Although many adversarial attack methods produce adversarial examples that have achieved great results in the white-box setting, they exhibit low transferability in the black-box setting. In order to improve the transferability along the baseline of the gradient-based attack technique, we present a novel Stochastic Gradient Accumulation Momentum Iterative Attack (SAMI-FGSM) in this study. In particular, during each iteration, the gradient information is calculated using a normal sampling approach that randomly samples around the sample points, with the highest probability of capturing adversarial features. Meanwhile, the accumulated information of the sampled gradient from the previous iteration is further considered to modify the current updated gradient, and the original gradient attack direction is changed to ensure that the updated gradient direction is more stable. Comprehensive experiments conducted on the ImageNet dataset show that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art gradient-based attack techniques, achieving an average improvement of 10.2% in transferability.},
DOI = {10.32604/cmc.2025.064896}
}