TY  - EJOU
AU  - Nawaz, Asif 
AU  - Shoukat, Rana Saud 
AU  - Shehab, Mohammad 
AU  - Hindi, Khalil El 
AU  - Ahmed, Zohair 

TI  - CLIP-ASN: A Multi-Model Deep Learning Approach to Recognize Dog Breeds
T2  - Computers, Materials \& Continua

PY  - 2025
VL  - 85
IS  - 3
SN  - 1546-2226

AB  - The kingdom Animalia encompasses multicellular, eukaryotic organisms known as animals. Currently, there are approximately 1.5 million identified species of living animals, including over 195 distinct breeds of dogs. Each breed possesses unique characteristics that can be challenging to distinguish. Each breed has its own characteristics that are difficult to identify. Various computer-based methods, including machine learning, deep learning, transfer learning, and robotics, are employed to identify dog breeds, focusing mainly on image or voice data. Voice-based techniques often face challenges such as noise, distortion, and changes in frequency or pitch, which can impair the model’s performance. Conversely, image-based methods may fail when dealing with blurred images, which can result from poor camera quality or photos taken from a distance. This research presents a hybrid model combining voice and image data for dog breed identification. The proposed method Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training-Audio Stacked Network (CLIP-ASN) improves robustness, compensating when one data type is compromised by noise or poor quality. By integrating diverse data types, the model can more effectively identify unique breed characteristics, making it superior to methods relying on a single data type. The key steps of the proposed model are data collection, feature extraction based on Contrastive Language Image for image-based feature extraction and Audio stacked-based voice features extraction, co-attention-based classification, and federated learning-based training and distribution. From the experimental evaluation, it has been concluded that the performance of the proposed work in terms of accuracy 89.75% and is far better than the existing benchmark methods.
KW  - Machine learning; ensemble methods; image detection; voice detection; animal breeds

DO  - 10.32604/cmc.2025.064088