@Article{cmc.2025.070235,
AUTHOR = {Md. Ahsan Habib, Md. Anwar Hussen Wadud, M. F. Mridha, Md. Jakir Hossen},
TITLE = {LLM-Powered Multimodal Reasoning for Fake News Detection},
JOURNAL = {Computers, Materials \& Continua},
VOLUME = {87},
YEAR = {2026},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {--},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/cmc/v87n1/66018},
ISSN = {1546-2226},
ABSTRACT = {The problem of fake news detection (FND) is becoming increasingly important in the field of natural language processing (NLP) because of the rapid dissemination of misleading information on the web. Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4. Zero excels in natural language understanding tasks but can still struggle to distinguish between fact and fiction, particularly when applied in the wild. However, a key challenge of existing FND methods is that they only consider unimodal data (e.g., images), while more detailed multimodal data (e.g., user behaviour, temporal dynamics) is neglected, and the latter is crucial for full-context understanding. To overcome these limitations, we introduce M3-FND (Multimodal Misinformation Mitigation for False News Detection), a novel methodological framework that integrates LLMs with multimodal data sources to perform context-aware veracity assessments. Our method proposes a hybrid system that combines image-text alignment, user credibility profiling, and temporal pattern recognition, which is also strengthened through a natural feedback loop that provides real-time feedback for correcting downstream errors. We use contextual reinforcement learning to schedule prompt updating and update the classifier threshold based on the latest multimodal input, which enables the model to better adapt to changing misinformation attack strategies. M3-FND is tested on three diverse datasets, FakeNewsNet, Twitter15, and Weibo, which contain both text and visual social media content. Experiments show that M3-FND significantly outperforms conventional and LLM-based baselines in terms of accuracy, F1-score, and AUC on all benchmarks. Our results indicate the importance of employing multimodal cues and adaptive learning for effective and timely detection of fake news.},
DOI = {10.32604/cmc.2025.070235}
}