TY  - EJOU
AU  - Yang, Xiuyu 
AU  - Zhu, Xiangcheng 
AU  - Zhang, Hao 
AU  - Wang, Ying 
AU  - Liu, Chang 

TI  - Optimal Capacity Configuration of Flexibility Resources in Microgrids Considering High-Efficiency Hydrogen Energy Utilization
T2  - Energy Engineering

PY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
SN  - 1546-0118

AB  - Under China’s dual carbon goals (i.e., carbon peak and carbon neutrality), the country has promoted the development of direct green power trading, positioning off-grid microgrids as a critical carrier for local green power consumption. The off-grid microgrid is not supported by a large power grid, and flexible resources such as electric energy storage (EES) and gas turbine (GT) need to be configured to cope with the problems caused by the volatility and intermittency of renewable energy output. However, the high configuration cost of EES and the high carbon of GT make it difficult for off-grid microgrid to balance economy and low carbon, which makes it difficult to promote its application. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a bi-level optimal configuration method for determining the capacity of flexibility resources in off-grid microgrids, with an emphasis on the efficient utilization of hydrogen energy. First, the hydrogen energy utilization link is introduced into the off-grid microgrid, and the mathematical model of each equipment is established. Second, the influence mechanism of hydrogen energy utilization on flexibility resources capacity allocation is analyzed. In order to further improve the efficiency and flexibility of hydrogen energy utilization, the dynamic hydrogen blending proportional combustion of GT is realized in the system, and the operation flexibility of electrolyzer (EL) equipment is considered. A bi-level optimal allocation model is then formulated, where the upper level aims to minimize the annual comprehensive cost, while the lower level focuses on minimizing operational costs. Finally, the proposed method is validated through a case study of an off-grid microgrid. The results demonstrate that the proposed method not only ensures the rational allocation of system flexibility resources but also reduces the system's comprehensive cost by 11.9% and its carbon emissions by 20.6%.
KW  - Off-grid microgrid; hydrogen energy utilization; flexibility resources; capacity configuration

DO  - 10.32604/ee.2026.080485