TY  - EJOU
AU  - Cai, Ziwen 
AU  - Zhao, Yun 
AU  - Wang, Zongyi 
AU  - Wang, Tonghe 
AU  - Li, Yunfeng 
AU  - Wang, Hao 

TI  - Research of Low-Carbon Operation Technologies for PEDF Parks: Review, Prospects, and Challenges
T2  - Energy Engineering

PY  - 2025
VL  - 122
IS  - 4
SN  - 1546-0118

AB  - With the severe challenges brought by global climate change, exploring and developing clean and renewable energy systems to upgrade the energy structure has become an inevitable trend in related research. The comprehensive park systems integrated with photovoltaic, energy storage, direct current, and flexible loads (PEDF) is able to play an important role in promoting energy transformation and achieving sustainable development. In order to fully understand the advantages of PEDF parks in energy conservation and carbon reduction, this paper summarizes existing studies and prospects future research directions on the low-carbon operation of the PEDF park. This paper first introduces carbon emission monitoring and evaluation methods, and then analyzes bi-level optimal dispatch strategies for flexible loads. Meanwhile, the paper provides a prospective analysis of the innovations that can be brought by advanced technologies to the PEDF park. Finally, this paper puts forward the challenges faced by current research and provides prospects for future research directions. This paper emphasizes that related research should focus on collaborating key technologies of PEDF systems and integrating advanced innovations to address challenges and fully leverage the advantages of PEDF technology in energy saving and carbon reduction. This paper aims to provide systematic theoretical guidance and supplements for the research and practice of the PEDF technology.
KW  - Photovoltaic; energy storage; direct current; and flexible load (PEDF); low-carbon operation; carbon emission; flexible load; bi-level dispatch

DO  - 10.32604/ee.2025.061452