@Article{fdmp.2020.07959,
AUTHOR = {Yadong Zhang, Jiye Zhang},
TITLE = {Numerical Simulation of the Aeroacoustic Performance of the DSA380 High-Speed Pantograph Under the Influence of a Crosswind},
JOURNAL = {Fluid Dynamics \& Materials Processing},
VOLUME = {16},
YEAR = {2020},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {105--120},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/fdmp/v16n1/38337},
ISSN = {1555-2578},
ABSTRACT = {The object of research of this paper is the DSA380 high-speed pantograph. The 
near-field unsteady flow around the pantograph was investigated using large eddy 
simulation (LES) while the far-field aerodynamic noise was analysed in the frame of the 
Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy. According to the results, the contact 
strip, base frame and knuckle are the main aerodynamic noise sources, with vortex shedding, 
flow separation and recombination around the pantograph being related key physical factors. 
The aerodynamic noise radiates outwards in the form of spherical waves when the distance 
of the noise receiving point is farther than 8 m. The sound pressure level (SPL) grows 
approximately as the 6th power of pantograph operating speed. The aerodynamic noise 
energy is mainly concentrated in the region of 400-1000 Hz, and the frequency band is wider 
with crosswind than without crosswind. The peak frequency displays a linear relationships 
with the operating speed and crosswind velocity, respectively. The aerodynamic and 
aeroacoustic generation from the knuckle-downstream orientation of the pantograph is 
superior to those of the knuckle-upstream orientation model. This finding may be used for 
the optimal design of future pantograph configurations in the presence of crosswind.},
DOI = {10.32604/fdmp.2020.07959}
}