@Article{fdmp.2023.028031,
AUTHOR = {Portia Felix, Lee Leon, Derek Gay, Stefano Salon, Hazi Azamathulla},
TITLE = {A CFD Model to Evaluate Near-Surface Oil Spill from a Broken Loading Pipe in Shallow Coastal Waters},
JOURNAL = {Fluid Dynamics \& Materials Processing},
VOLUME = {20},
YEAR = {2024},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {59--77},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/fdmp/v20n1/54540},
ISSN = {1555-2578},
ABSTRACT = {Oil spills continue to generate various issues and concerns regarding their effect and behavior in the marine environment, owing to the related potential for detrimental environmental, economic and social implications. It is
essential to have a solid understanding of the ways in which oil interacts with the water and the coastal ecosystems
that are located nearby. This study proposes a simplified model for predicting the plume-like transport behavior
of heavy Bunker C fuel oil discharging downward from an acutely-angled broken pipeline located on the water
surface. The results show that the spill overall profile is articulated in three major flow areas. The first, is the
source field, i.e., a region near the origin of the initial jet, followed by the intermediate or transport field, namely,
the region where the jet oil flow transitions into an underwater oil plume flow and starts to move horizontally,
and finally, the far-field, where the oil re-surface and spreads onto the shore at a significant distance from the spill
site. The behavior of the oil in the intermediate field is investigated using a simplified injection-type oil spill model
capable of mimicking the undersea trapping and lateral migration of an oil plume originating from a negatively
buoyant jet spill. A rectangular domain with proper boundary conditions is used to implement the model. The
Projection approach is used to discretize a modified version of the Navier-Stokes equations in two dimensions. A
benchmark fluid flow issue is used to verify the model and the results indicate a reasonable relationship between
specific gravity and depth as well as agreement with the aerial data and a vertical temperature profile plot.},
DOI = {10.32604/fdmp.2023.028031}
}