TY  - EJOU
AU  - Mahreen, Amina 
AU  - Mebarek-Oudina, Fateh 
AU  - Ashfaq, Amna 
AU  - Raza, Jawad 
AU  - Khan, Sami Ullah 
AU  - Vaidya, Hanumesh 

TI  - MHD Thermosolutal Flow in Casson-Fluid Microchannels: Taguchi–GRA–PCA Optimization
T2  - Fluid Dynamics \& Materials Processing

PY  - 2025
VL  - 21
IS  - 11
SN  - 1555-2578

AB  - Understanding the complex interaction between heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian microflows is essential for the  development and optimization of efficient microfluidic and thermal management systems. This study  investigates the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) thermosolutal convection of a Casson fluid within an inclined,  porous microchannel  subjected to convective boundary conditions. The nonlinear, coupled equations governing momentum, energy, and species transport are solved numerically using the  MATLAB bvp4c solver, ensuring high numerical  accuracy and stability. To identify the dominant parameters  influencing flow behavior and to optimize transport performance, a  comprehensive hybrid optimization framework—combining a modified Taguchi design, Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA)—is  proposed. This integrated strategy enables the  simultaneous assessment of skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number, providing a  rigorous multi-objective evaluation of system performance.  Comparative validation with benchmark results from the literature  confirms the accuracy and reliability of the present formulation and its numerical implementation. The results  highlight the intricate coupling among flow slip, buoyancy effects, and convective transport mechanisms.  Increased slip flow enhances axial velocity, while a  higher solutal Biot number intensifies concentration gradients near the channel walls. Conversely, a  lower thermal Biot number diminishes the temperature field, indicating  weaker heat transfer across the boundaries. PCA results  reveal that the first principal component (PC1)  accounts for most of the system variance, demonstrating the  dominant influence of coupled flow and transport parameters on overall system performance.
KW  - Microchannel flow; casson fluid; magnetohydrodynamics; convective boundary conditions; taguchi method; grey relational analysis; principal component analysis; thermosolutal convection

DO  - 10.32604/fdmp.2025.072492