TY  - EJOU
AU  - Rysin, Kirill 
AU  - Vjatkin, Alexey 
AU  - Kozlov, Victor 

TI  - Inertial-Wave Regime of Averaged Thermal Convection in a Rotating Vertical Flat Layer
T2  - Fluid Dynamics \& Materials Processing

PY  - 2025
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
SN  - 1555-2578

AB  - Thermal vibrational convection (TVC) refers to the time-averaged convection of a non-isothermal fluid subjected to oscillating force fields. It serves as an effective mechanism for heat transfer control, particularly under microgravity conditions. A key challenge in this field is understanding the effect of rotation on TVC, as fluid oscillations in rotating systems exhibit unique and specific characteristics. In this study, we examine TVC in a vertical flat layer with boundaries at different temperatures, rotating around a horizontal axis. The distinctive feature of this study is that the fluid oscillations within the cavity are not induced by vibrations of the cavity itself, but rather by the gravity field, giving them a tidal nature. Our findings reveal that inertial waves generated in the rotating layer qualitatively alter the TVC structure, producing time-averaged flows in the form of toroidal vortices. Experimental investigations of the structure of oscillatory and time-averaged flows, conducted using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for flow velocity visualization, are complemented by theoretical calculations of inertial modes in a cavity with this geometry. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first of its kind. The agreement between experimental results and theoretical predictions confirms that the formation of convective structures in the form of toroidal vortices is driven by inertial waves induced by the gravity field. A decrease in the rotational velocity leads to a transformation of the convective structures, shifting from toroidal vortices of inertial-wave origin to classical cellular TVC. We present dimensionless parameters that define the excitation thresholds for both cellular convection and toroidal structures.
KW  - Rotation; inertial modes; oscillations; heat transfer; stability; averaged convection

DO  - 10.32604/fdmp.2025.061722