@Article{hmt.18.45,
AUTHOR = {Husam Abdulrasool Hasan, Jenan S. Sherza, Lammiaa Abdulrudah Abd, Kayser Aziz Ameen, Azher M. Abed, Ali 
Arif hatem, Kamaruzzaman Sopian},
TITLE = {STUDY THE EFFECT OF FLOW WATER/AL2O3 NANOFLUID INSIDE  MINI-CHANNEL FOR COOLING CONCENTRATED MULTI-JUNCTION  SOLAR CELL},
JOURNAL = {Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer},
VOLUME = {18},
YEAR = {2022},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {1--8},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/fhmt/v18n1/52484},
ISSN = {2151-8629},
ABSTRACT = {In a Fresnel-based Concentrated Photovoltaic system, multi junction solar cells suffer from increased PV temperature, resulting in a decrease its 
electrical efficiency. This study design to investigate the influence of using Water/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanofluid as cooling fluid on heat transfer enhancement and 
top surface temperature for multi-junction solar cell in the Fresnel-based Concentrated Photovoltaic thermal CPVt System. The CFD simulation was 
conducted on mini-channel under the concentrated multi-junction solar cell with using water/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanofluid and pure water as coolant fluids. The 
Reynolds number is in the range of 15000-30000 were examined. The average Nusselt numbers augmented through increasing Reynolds numbers. The 
water/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanofluid provides highest heat transfer enhancement of 23% compare with water in Fresnel-based CPVt system. The top surface 
temperature decreases as Nusselt number increases. The Nuavg improves 21% with using of water/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanofluid at lowest Reynolds number of 15000 
and 23% at highest Reynolds number of 30000.The top surface temperature dropped from 337K to 327K at lowest Reynolds number of 15000 with 
using Water/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanofluid as cooling fluid and from 323K to 315K at highest Reynolds number of 30000.This study has confirmed that the use of 
water/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanofluid has significant influence on the dissipate the heat from Multi-Junction Solar Cell in Fresnel-based CPVt system which led to 
improve its electrical efficiency.},
DOI = {10.5098/hmt.18.45}
}