@Article{hmt.20.18,
AUTHOR = {Ameer Abed Jaddoa
, Karema Assi Hamad, Arshad Abdul Jaleil Hameed},
TITLE = {FLUID INFLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT: AN  EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF NANOFLUIDS IN MINCHANNEL},
JOURNAL = {Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer},
VOLUME = {20},
YEAR = {2023},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {1--9},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/fhmt/v20n1/52380},
ISSN = {2151-8629},
ABSTRACT = {In the Heat Transfer process, many innovations were introduced aiming to obtain the most optimum behavior of the cooling process using nanofluids 
as coolant liquids. These nanofluids have gained much attention in cooling systems due to their special rheological and thermal performance. In this 
work, an experimental evaluation is conducted for nanofluids Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, CuO, ZnO, and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles applied to a mini-channel. The nanofluid 
particles were entirely spread out in purified water (size of 15 nm) before being passed to the heat sink through a confined inflow channel. The obtained 
results showed that the achieved improvement rates are 25%,20%, 15%, 10% and 5% by using 1-vol% nanoparticles in the distilled water. Also, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
nanoparticles provided an outstanding performance compared to the other types. The reason is imputed to the fact that such an AI<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> has a thermal 
conductivity greater than the other nanofluids. Besides, the measured pressure of all nanofluid material types declined comparable to the pure water. 
Additionally, for Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, CuO, ZnO, and TiO<sub>2</sub>, the recorded pressure was further dropped by 4%, 5%, 6%,7% and 8%, respectively. The 
additional reduction in pressure was due to an increase in the density of nanofluids. The hypotheses of the conventional heat transfer process do not 
support the behavior achieved by the small number of nanoparticles of current work. Such a new behavior could be attributed to the generation of 
stochastic movements of both nanoparticles and micro heat carriers in the pure liquid (water), and it is in charge of enhancing thereof. Finally, despite 
the complexity of the suggested design, it can be added to existing methods in the literature.},
DOI = {10.5098/hmt.20.18}
}