@Article{fhmt.2023.01518,
AUTHOR = {Amal A. Harbood, Hameed K. Hamzah, Hatem H. Obeid},
TITLE = {The Numerical Simulation of Nanofluid Flow in Complex Channels with Flexible Wall},
JOURNAL = {Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer},
VOLUME = {21},
YEAR = {2023},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {293--315},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/fhmt/v21n1/54757},
ISSN = {2151-8629},
ABSTRACT = {The current work seeks to examine numerical heat transfer by using a complicated channel with a trapezoid shape
hanging in the channel. This channel demonstrates two-dimensional laminar flow, forced convective flow, and
incompressible flow. To explore the behavior of heat transfer in complex channels, several parameters, such as the
constant Prandtl number (Pr = 6.9), volume fraction (ϕ) equal to (0.02 to 0.04), Cauchy number (Ca) equal to
(10<sup>−4</sup> to 10<sup>−8</sup>), and Reynolds number equal to (60 to 160) were utilized. At the complex channel, different elastic
walls are used in different locations, with case A being devoid of an elastic wall, cases B and C each having three
elastic walls before and after the trapezoid shape, respectively, and case D having six elastic walls. The geometry
of a complicated channel with varying L2/H2 and B/H2 ratios is investigated. The trouble was solved using the
FEM with the ALE technique. The results showed that the best case with an elastic wall is reached for B/H2 = 0.8
and L2/H2 = 3. When compared to the channel without a flexible wall in case A, the highest reading for Nusselt
was recorded at case C with a percentage of 34.5 percent, followed by case B (31.4 percent) and then case D (21.5
percent). It also has the highest Nusselt number reading at Ca = 10<sup>−4</sup> and Re = 160, or about 6.4 when compared
to Ca = 10<sup>−5</sup> and Ca = 10<sup>−8</sup>. In case A, △P increases as the Re grows; however, in cases B and C, the △P reduces
as the Re increases, but in case D, the △P increases with increasing Re.},
DOI = {10.32604/fhmt.2023.01518}
}