@Article{hmt.v2.2.3007,
AUTHOR = {Sina Alavi, Mohammad Passandideh-Fard},
TITLE = {NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DROPLET IMPACT AND SOLIDIFICATION INCLUDING THERMAL SHRINKAGE IN A  THERMAL SPRAY PROCESS},
JOURNAL = {Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer},
VOLUME = {2},
YEAR = {2011},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {1--9},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/fhmt/v2n2/55738},
ISSN = {2151-8629},
ABSTRACT = {In this paper, a numerical study is performed to investigate the effects of thermal shrinkage on the deposition of molten particles on a substrate in a 
thermal spray process using the Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) method. Thermal shrinkage is a phenomenon caused by the variation of density during 
cooling and solidification of a molten metal. The Navier-Stokes equations along with the energy equation including phase change are solved using a 
2D/axisymmetric mesh. The VOF method is used to track the free surface of molten particles, and an enthalpy-porosity formulation is used to model 
solidification. For the normal impact of tin particles in the order of 2 mm in diameter and 1 m/s in impact velocity, the final splat had a single cavity 
inside due to shrinkage. For cases with the scales of a typical thermal spray process, the effect of shrinkage appeared as a reduction in the droplet 
splashing on the substrate.},
DOI = {10.5098/hmt.v2.2.3007}
}