TY  - EJOU
AU  - Xue, Haoquan 
AU  - Zhang, Yujie 
AU  - Zhao, Zhuang 
AU  - Gao, Haoran 
AU  - Bao, Wanlin 
AU  - Li, Jiaxuan 
AU  - Zhang, Zhiheng 
AU  - Wang, Qi 
AU  - He, Qiang 

TI  - A Review: Sources, Preparation and Application of Nanocellulose
T2  - Journal of Polymer Materials

PY  - 2025
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
SN  - 0976-3449

AB  - Nanocellulose, derived from abundant lignocellulosic biomass, has emerged as a transformative material with unparalleled versatility across industries. This review systematically analyzes its sources, extraction methods, and multidimensional applications. Key findings include: (1) Plant fiber hierarchy dictates nanocellulose properties, with wood-derived cellulose offering high crystallinity and agricultural waste enabling cost-effective production. (2) Acid hydrolysis remains dominant for cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), while mechanical methods yield high-aspect-ratio cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). (3) Nanocellulose’s mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and tunable surface chemistry drive innovations in energy storage (e.g., supercapacitors), biosensors (e.g., glucose monitoring), and biomedical engineering (e.g., 3D-printed scaffolds). Challenges in scalability and sustainability persist, necessitating green synthesis and standardized protocols. This work underscores nanocellulose’s potential as a cornerstone of the circular bioeconomy.
KW  - Biomass; purification; separation; hemicellulose; lignin; nanocellulose; applications

DO  - 10.32604/jpm.2025.066695