TY  - EJOU
AU  - Wang, Ruiping 
AU  - He, Chuang 
AU  - Zhang, Shuo 
AU  - Xu, Miaojun 
AU  - Wang, Zhuo 
AU  - Li, Xiaoli 
AU  - Tao, Bin 
AU  - Gao, Suliang 
AU  - Li, Bin 

TI  - Construction of Synergistic and Efficient Flame-Retardant Polyamide 6 Composites by Incorporating Aluminum Diethylphosphinate and Fly Ash
T2  - Journal of Polymer Materials

PY  - 2025
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
SN  - 0976-3449

AB  - The fabrication of highly flame-retardant polyamide 6 (PA6) composites is of great significance for expanding their practical applications. Herein, a new flame-retardant system (ADP/FA) was developed by combining aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) with excellent flame retardancy and fly ash (FA), an economical and environmentally friendly industrial waste. Due to the synergistic flame-retardant effect of ADP/FA in the condensed phase and gas phase, the PA6 composite containing only 11 wt% of ADP/FA (mass ratio 93:7) obtained vertical burning (UL-94) tests V-0 rating with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 30.9%. To obtain the same flame-retardant level of PA6/ADP/FA-3, the loading amount of ADP alone was required 14 wt%. Compared with the PA6/ADP, the introduction of FA not only reduced the amount of flame retardant added but also inhibited the formation of molten droplets during combustion, greatly enhancing the fire safety of the PA6 composites. The flame-retardant performance of the ADP/FA system is superior to that of most current ADP-based synergistic strategies. In the meantime, the introduction of FA also significantly reduced the high smoke release caused by ADP flame retardant. The peak smoke production rate (pSPR) of the PA6 composite, from 0.221 m<sup>2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup> (PA6/ADP) to 0.116 m<sup>2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>, represents a 47.5% decrease. This work provides a feasible solution for fabricating PA6 composites with excellent flame retardancy.
KW  - Polyamide 6; flame retardancy; aluminum diethylphosphinate; fly ash; synergistic

DO  - 10.32604/jpm.2025.073108