TY  - EJOU
AU  - Kausar, Ayesha 

TI  - Multifunctional Carbonaceous Nanoreinforced Polymeric Nanofibers—Bridging Fundamental Aspects to Technological Resolves
T2  - Journal of Polymer Materials

PY  - 2026
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0976-3449

AB  - Purpose of this novel review article is to unfold the current scientific worth of high performance polymer nanocomposite nanofibers, owing to growing scientific interests in this field. Accordingly, this state-of-the-art manuscript has been systematically categorized into distinct sections related to <i>(i)</i> fundamentals of carbonaceous nanoreinforcements, <i>(ii)</i> design-structure-property-performance aspects of different categories of polymer nanocomposite nanofibers (conducting polymers, thermoplastics, and thermosets with carbonaceous nanofillers (carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerene), and then <i>(iii)</i> existing scientific worth (energy devices, electronics, space/defense, environmental sectors), future prospects, challenges, and conclusions. As per literature to date, polymer/carbonaceous nanocomposite nanofibers had myriad of advantageous physical characters (morphologies, electrical/charge conduction, thermal conduction, mechanical/thermal resistance, anticorrosion, permeability, radiation absorption). Notably, among conducting polymer nanofibers, polyaniline/carbon nanotube nanofibers revealed superior specific capacitance (~380 Fg<sup>−1</sup>) due to interfacial synergies and electron/charge transfer. Moreover, poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester/fullerene nanofibers revealed power conversion efficiency ~3.6%. Out of thermoplastic systems, poly(vinyl alcohol)/carbon nanotube nanofibers have been designed for piezoelectric sensors (pressure sensitivity ~0.28 kPa<sup>−1</sup>) and toxic metal ion sensors (lead(II)). In addition, cellulose/carbonaceous nanocomposite nanofibers have been applied for supercapacitor electrodes (specific capacitance ~250 Fg<sup>−1</sup>) and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (~64–70 dB). Furthermore, epoxy/carbon nanotube nanocomposites revealed ~20%–40% enhancements in tensile strength and shear strength due to load transfer properties. As per literature, technological performance of these materials depends upon types/amount of polymers, nanocarbons, and processing methods/parameters used. Owing to novelty of topic, outline, and literature coverage, this review will serve as an all-inclusive guide for concerned field researchers to carry out further industrial scale advancements in the field of nanocomposite nanofibers.
KW  - Polymers; nanocomposites; nanofibers; carbon nanotube; graphene; electrospinning; supercapacitors; sensors; space; membranes

DO  - 10.32604/jpm.2026.078233