TY  - EJOU
AU  - Fahmy, Tamer Y. A. 
AU  - Kamel, Samir 
AU  - Khalil, Ahmed M. 

TI  - Smart Nano-Cellulosic-Based Materials as Antiviral Agents: A Brief Insight into Scientific Advances and Functionalization Strategies
T2  - Journal of Renewable Materials

PY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
SN  - 2164-6341

AB  - The growing threat of viral pandemics necessitates innovative antiviral strategies that are effective, sustainable, and scalable. This review highlights nanocellulose as a renewable, biocompatible nanomaterial and a promising multifunctional antiviral platform. We examine cellulose nanocrystals, nanofibrils, and bacterial nanocellulose, emphasizing their synergistic antiviral mechanisms, including nanoscale viral entrapment and surface-mediated inactivation via sulfation, cationic groups, and metal nanoparticles. Key advances include photothermally active nanocellulose-graphene composites for on-demand viral deactivation, sulfated nanocellulose mimicking heparin’s virus-trapping properties, and engineered biopolymer hybrids for targeted drug delivery and mucosal immunity. Translational applications span antiviral coatings, self-sterilizing filters, and regenerative wound dressings. The review also addresses scalability and regulatory challenges, integrating computational modeling and structure-activity relationships to guide real-world implementation. Nanocellulose-based technologies offer a transformative approach to antiviral defense, merging adaptability, sustainability, and multifunctionality to meet the demands of pandemic preparedness and redefine the future of biomedical materials.
KW  - Nanocellulose; antiviral materials; surface functionalization; viral inhibition; biomedical applications

DO  - 10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0180