@Article{jrm.2026.02026-0022,
AUTHOR = {Erman Taer, Novi Yanti, Asmarwati, Apriwandi, Abrar Ismardi, Indra Wahyudhin Fathona, Memoria Rosi, Bidayatul Armynah, Dahlang Tahir, Ninis Hadi Haryanti, Suryajaya, Isnasyauqiah, Ida Usman, Julnaidi, Rika Taslim},
TITLE = {Synergistic Effect of Low-Concentration ZnCl<sub><b>2</b></sub>-Activated Bio-Carbon from Red Suren Leaves with Hierarchical Pore Structure and Self-Doping for High-Performance Supercapacitor Applications},
JOURNAL = {Journal of Renewable Materials},
VOLUME = {},
YEAR = {},
NUMBER = {},
PAGES = {{pages}},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/jrm/online/detail/27290},
ISSN = {2164-6341},
ABSTRACT = {The promotion of bio-carbon for developing superior electrodes has become a trending topic in realising the practical application of supercapacitor devices. This study aimed to prepare porous carbon (PC) with a taproot fiber-like nanostructure that was decorated with self-doped oxygen. The waste of red suren leaves (RSL) was further treated using a direct heating method with the catalyst effect of ZnCl<sub>2</sub> (0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 M) in an N<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> environment at 850°C, being examined. The results showed that RSL@PC-0.5 exhibited the best amorphous carbon structure (FWHM = 0.105° and 0.182°). The specific surface area (SSA = 495.31 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and the combination of hierarchical nanostructure with abundant multi-level pores (micro-mesopores) were supported by the appropriate presence of O (4.26%) heteroatoms. Oxygen within the carbon matrix enhanced the electrode-electrolyte interaction by adding active sites, thereby contributing additional pseudocapacitance. Furthermore, the electrochemical performance showed a high specific capacitance of 490 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g. The energy density and power density reached 62.93 Wh/kg and 156.67 W/kg, indicating the excellent electrochemical performance of the RSL@PC-0.5 material. This study presented a supercapacitor material derived from biomass, showing a new PC with O self-doped fiber nanostructures that could serve as a rational reference for the practical application of environmentally friendly energy storage.},
DOI = {10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0022}
}