@Article{jrm.2025.058755,
AUTHOR = {Johanna Gaitán-Alvarez, Róger Moya, Alexander Berrocal, Karla J. Merazzo},
TITLE = {Two Different Methods of Impregnation of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles in Wood Composites of Three Tropical Species in Costa Rica},
JOURNAL = {Journal of Renewable Materials},
VOLUME = {13},
YEAR = {2025},
NUMBER = {4},
PAGES = {799--816},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/jrm/v13n4/60637},
ISSN = {2164-6341},
ABSTRACT = {The impregnation of nanoparticles magnetified into wood had been developed by different methods, like surface chemical coprecipitation and vacuum-pressure coprecipitation of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs). However, there is a lack of information on the best method to coprecipitation NPs. Then, the present study has the objective to measure the effects of the impregnation process of wood veneers through two <i>in situ</i> processes (immersion and vacuum-pressure) using a solution of FeCl<sub>3</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O, FeCl<sub>2</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O and ammonia in three tropical species (<i>Pinus oocarpa</i>, <i>Vochysia ferruginea</i> and <i>Vochysia guatemalensis</i>). It was measured the degree of synthesis of iron NPs using weight and density gains, Fe<sup>+3</sup> absorption, emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fournier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and for magnetic properties were measured using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). After 5-layer veneer panels were fabricated, we evaluated their physical and mechanical properties. Wood samples impregnated by vacuum-pressure methods showed the higher amount of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs formation, which was observed in the SEM, X-ray diffraction (XDR), FT-IR and VSM. Vacuum-pressure on treatment presented higher ferrite signals and better magnetic properties. <i>Vochysia ferruginea</i> presented the greatest magnetization properties. The magnetization treated causes probably a degradation of the cell wall, which weakens its mechanical properties, especially internal bonding.},
DOI = {10.32604/jrm.2025.058755}
}