@Article{JRM.2018.00116,
AUTHOR = {Mehul  Barde, Yusuf  Celikbag, Brian  Via, Sushil  Adhikari, Maria L.  Auad},
TITLE = {Semi-Interpenetrating Novolac-Epoxy Thermoset Polymer Networks Derived from Plant Biomass},
JOURNAL = {Journal of Renewable Materials},
VOLUME = {6},
YEAR = {2018},
NUMBER = {7},
PAGES = {724--736},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/jrm/v6n7/30512},
ISSN = {2164-6341},
ABSTRACT = {Bio-based phenol-formaldehyde polymer (BioNovolac) was developed by reacting molar excess of bio-oil/phenol with formaldehyde in acidic medium. Glycidyl 3,5-diglycidoxybenzoate (GDGB), was prepared by direct glycidylation of α-resorcylic acid (RA), a naturally occurring phenolic monomer. GDGB was crosslinked in the presence of BioNovolac by anionic polymerization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the formation of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks. The glass transition temperature and moduli of bio-based crosslinked systems were observed to increase with increasing GDGB content. Active chain density and mass retention measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and Soxhlet extraction, respectively, indicated a high crosslink density of the cured networks. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images depicted the homogeneity of the bulk phase. The preparation of bio-based epoxy-novolac thermoset network resulted in reduced consumption of petroleum-based chemicals.},
DOI = {10.32604/JRM.2018.00116}
}