@Article{jrm.2020.09755,
AUTHOR = {Marion Thébault, Ya Li, Christopher Beuc, Stephan Frömel-Frybort, Edith-Martha Zikulnig-Rusch, Larysa Kutuzova, Andreas Kandelbauer},
TITLE = {Impregnated Paper-Based Decorative Laminates Prepared from Lignin-Substituted Phenolic Resins},
JOURNAL = {Journal of Renewable Materials},
VOLUME = {8},
YEAR = {2020},
NUMBER = {10},
PAGES = {1181--1198},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/jrm/v8n10/40063},
ISSN = {2164-6341},
ABSTRACT = {High Pressure Laminates (HPL) panels consist of stacks of self-gluing
paper sheets soaked with phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins. An important requirement for such PFs is that they must rapidly penetrate and saturate the paper pores.
Partially substituting phenol with bio-based phenolic chemicals like lignin
changes the physico-chemical properties of the resin and affects its ability to
penetrate the paper. In this study, PF formulations containing different proportions
of lignosulfonate and kraft lignin were used to prepare paper-based laminates. The
penetration of a Kraft paper sheet was characterized by a recently introduced, new
device measuring the conductivity between both sides of the paper sheet after a
drop of resin was placed on the surface and allowed to penetrate the sheet. The
main target value measured was the time required for a specific resin to completely penetrate the defined paper sample (“penetration time”). This penetration time
generally depends on the molecular weight distribution, the flow behavior and the
polarity of the resin which in turn are dependent on the manufacturing conditions
of the resin. In the present study, the influences of the three process factors: (1)
type of lignin material used for substitution, (2) lignin modification by phenolation and (3) degree of phenol substitution on the penetration times of various
lignin-phenolic hybrid impregnation resins were studied using a complete twolevel three-factorial experimental design. Thin laminates made with the resins
diluted in methanol were mechanically tested in terms of tensile and flexural
strains, and their cross-sections were studied by light microscopy.},
DOI = {10.32604/jrm.2020.09755}
}