When basketball players play against each other in a game, better coordinated balance can give them a better advantage. This paper briefly introduces the coordination balance and core strength of basketball players. Twenty basketball varsity members were selected from Chengdu College of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China as subjects for the test. The athletes were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group received regular strength training, and the experimental group received core strength training in addition to regular training. Both groups underwent isometric muscle strength test, coordination and balance test and shooting percentage test before and after training. The results demonstrated that muscle group strength increased in the control group after conventional training, but the experimental group showed more significant improvement in muscle group strength after additional core strength training; the experimental group had better coordination and balance ability after core strength training; the experimental group had a significantly higher shooting percentage after core strength training due to the improvement of coordination and balance ability.
As a ball game with strong confrontation, basketball has comprehensive requirements on the strength, speed, endurance and skills of the players [
Muscle tissue directly coordinates body movements [
Since the sensory organs and the nervous system are involved in the coordination and balance of movements by the muscle tissue, the training of the muscle tissue will also have a training effect on the senses and the nervous system.
The main role of the core region of the human body is the transmission of upper and lower limb forces, the maintenance of human stability and the control of the body’s center of gravity, while core strength is the strength quality of the core region to achieve the above role [
Targeted training of the core region can effectively maintain the stability of the spine and pelvis, guarantee the balance of the center of gravity, and better achieve the coordinated balance of the upper and lower limbs [
Core strength training is targeted to muscle groups in the core region. The regulation of muscle groups by the nervous system is promoted through the unstable environment created during training to maintain correct body posture, and the sensory perception of inconsistencies is enhanced to exercise the control of core muscles, thus improving the body’s coordinated balance [
In this paper, basketball varsity members from Chengdu College of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China were selected as subjects for the test. They were male athletes with an average age of 20 ± 1 years and an average height of 175 ± 2 cm. All 20 members had received training for three years and had no history of injury, as well as no physical injuries in the last three months.
Training equipment included leather ruler, stopwatch, basketball, barbell and yoga mat.
Testing equipment included Biodex dynamic and static balance instrument (Beijing Goaltouch Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China) and Biodex isometric muscle strength tester (Hanfei Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., China).
In this study, 20 male varsity basketball volunteers were randomly and equally divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group received conventional strength training, while the experimental group received the targeted core strength training in addition to conventional training [
Type of training | Training program | Training load | Single group training volume | Break time between groups | Number of groups |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Regular strength training | Push-ups | Self-weight, no additional load | 20 | 60 s | 6 |
Chin-ups | 10 | 6 | |||
Double-bar flexion arm support | 15 | 6 | |||
Back jerk | 10 | 6 | |||
Hard pull | 5 RM | 5 | 3 | ||
Bench press | 10 RM | 10 | 3 | ||
Barbell squat | 10 RM | 10 | 3 | ||
Jerk (weightlifting technique) | 5 RM | 5 | 3 | ||
Core strength training | Plank support | Self-weight, no additional load | Last 60 s | 3 | |
T-support | |||||
Straight-legged side support | |||||
Lie on one’s back and lift his legs | |||||
Lie on one’s back and point the ground left and right | |||||
Lie on one’s back, straighten his legs, and touch the feet | |||||
Lie on one’s back, bend his knees, and curl the stomach |
Both the control and experimental groups underwent isometric muscle strength test, balance test, and shooting percentage prior to training and again after a six-week training period.
The content of the isometric muscle strength test is as follows. The muscle strength of the ankle, knee, hip and low back muscle groups was tested according to the manual of the isometric muscle strength test system [
The content of the balance ability test [
The content of the shooting percentage test is as follows. The first item was fixed-point shooting [
The collected data were statistically processed using SPSS software [
As shown in
Test site | Group | Test time | Total work of flexion/J | Total work of extension/J | Peak flexion moment/NM | Peak extension moment/NM |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low back muscle strength | Control group | Before training | 391.4 ± 18.2 | 398.4 ± 20.5 | 140.4 ± 7.5 | 117.4 ± 5.8 |
After training | 411.6 ± 37.1 | 477.5 ± 21.5* | 153.7 ± 7.4* | 151.4 ± 9.5* | ||
Experimental group | Before training | 422.5 ± 17.1 | 401.1 ± 44.7 | 138.4 ± 9.5 | 116.0 ± 9.7 | |
After training | 422.5 ± 29.6 | 592.8 ± 43.0*+ | 147.8 ± 20.8 | 177.5 ± 15.0*+ | ||
Ankle joint muscle strength | Control group | Before training | 67.6 ± 3.5 | 79.5 ± 8.8 | 24.6 ± 4.8 | 33.5 ± 3.5 |
After training | 155.8 ± 14.9* | 102.0 ± 11.3* | 70.6 ± 14.7* | 52.9 ± 7.7* | ||
Experimental group | Before training | 70.7 ± 8.6 | 73.7 ± 9.9 | 26.1 ± 4.1 | 31.4 ± 0.9 | |
After training | 170.1 ± 19.5* | 127.5 ± 18.8*+ | 75.0 ± 7.1* | 61.3 ± 4.8*+ | ||
Knee joint muscle strength | Control group | Before training | 287.2 ± 27.2 | 443.8 ± 50.7 | 56.6 ± 4.7 | 102.5 ± 9.6 |
After training | 320.1 ± 22.7 | 495.0 ± 50.7* | 73.5 ± 6.4* | 138.0 ± 14.4* | ||
Experimental group | Before training | 291.5 ± 23.9 | 451.8 ± 60.2 | 58.4 ± 5.1 | 105.5 ± 10.3 | |
After training | 359.9 ± 20.1*+ | 589.0 ± 60.2*+ | 82.3 ± 8.9*+ | 160.1 ± 18.1*+ | ||
Hip joint muscle strength | Control group | Before training | 241.7 ± 23.7 | 237.3 ± 15.0 | 79.8 ± 4.2 | 74.5 ± 2.9 |
After training | 417.5 ± 76.6* | 420.1 ± 66.9* | 115.1 ± 18.0* | 117.8 ± 15.9* | ||
Experimental group | Before training | 244.1 ± 28.2 | 257.5 ± 29.8 | 80.3 ± 5.7 | 77.8 ± 5.0 | |
After training | 619.5 ± 48.9*+ | 527.6 ± 87.8*+ | 145.1 ± 21.5*+ | 145.3 ± 20.0*+ |
Note: * indicates significant difference before and after training within the same group and + indicates significant difference between different groups.
Balance posture | Group | Test time | SI | APSI | MLSI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Double-foot | Control group | Before training | 1.22 ± 0.41 | 0.74 ± 0.29 | 0.85 ± 0.25 |
After training | 1.72 ± 0.25 | 0.71 ± 0.17* | 0.75 ± 0.12* | ||
Experimental group | Before training | 1.19 ± 0.25 | 0.75 ± 0.21 | 0.83 ± 0.15 | |
After training | 1.04 ± 0.28*+ | 0.58 ± 0.13*+ | 0.83 ± 0.12*+ | ||
Left-foot | Control group | Before training | 2.77 ± 0.31 | 1.71 ± 0.24 | 1.88 ± 0.22 |
After training | 2.58 ± 0.27 | 1.44 ± 0.18* | 1.48 ± 0.25* | ||
Experimental group | Before training | 2.68 ± 0.24 | 1.67 ± 0.63 | 1.94 ± 0.35 | |
After training | 2.03 ± 0.25*+ | 1.32 ± 0.14*+ | 1.27 ± 0.12*+ | ||
Right-foot | Control group | Before training | 2.18 ± 0.36 | 1.35 ± 0.36 | 1.53 ± 0.44 |
After training | 1.71 ± 0.36* | 0.98 ± 0.25* | 1.25 ± 0.22* | ||
Experimental group | Before training | 2.24 ± 0.44 | 1.37 ± 0.35 | 1.51 ± 0.36 | |
After training | 1.37 ± 0.24*+ | 0.83 ± 0.14 *+ | 0.95 ± 0.15*+ |
Note: * indicates significant difference before and after training within the same group and + indicates significant difference between different groups.
Basketball is a ball game with strong confrontation, which requires high physical strength quality of athletes. Improving the strength quality of the athletes can improve the athletes’ advantage in basketball confrontation. Core strength training is a more targeted exercise than conventional strength training for the core region of the trunk consisting of the waist, pelvis and hip joints and their muscle groups, so it can improve the power transfer between the upper and lower extremities and the balance of trunk movement. In this paper, 20 male athletes from a university basketball team were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group underwent six weeks of conventional strength training, and the experimental group underwent six weeks of core strength training. The isometric strength test, coordination and balance test, and shooting percentage test were carried out before and after training.
The isometric strength test found that core strength training influenced the strength of the low back muscles more than conventional training because the intensity and movement structure of core strength training targeted the low back muscles more. Core strength training affected the maximum strength and work capacity of the ankle joint more than conventional strength training because the exercise of leg support ability in the core strength training strengthened the dorsiflexor and anterior tibial muscles of the ankle joint. Core strength training also improved the maximal strength and external work capacity of the knee joint because the deep squats in core strength training improved the strength of the knee muscles.
The results of the balance ability test showed that the athletes had better static balance after core strength training. The reason for the above result was that the static balance of the human body mainly relied on the vestibular receptors in the central system, and training movements formed effective stimulation to the vestibular receptors, which enhanced their sensitivity and effectively improved the static balance. In addition, core strength training had a more significant effect on the dynamic balance ability of athletes. The reason for the significant effect was because the vestibular sense, proprioceptive sense and central system’s ability to regulate muscles significantly affected dynamic balance ability, and the training movements not only enhanced the sensitivity of vestibular receptors but also exercised the skeletal muscles that maintain balance.
The results of the shooting percentage test demonstrated that the shooting percentage of athletes significantly improved in fix-point shooting and dribble jump shot with a sharp stop. The reason for the above result was because basketball players firstly hit the ground with lower limbs, then transmitted the power to the upper limbs through the core area of the torso, and finally threw the basketball to the basket through the pivoting of the fingers. This process required a coordinated effort from the core to control the stability of the entire body so that the force gained from hitting the ground could be transferred to the basketball intact. Core strength training focused on the core area of the body muscle groups, enhancing the maximum strength and external work capacity to make the control of the torso more effective and stable.
This paper briefly introduces the coordinated balance and core strength of basketball players. Twenty basketball varsity members from Chengdu College of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China were selected and randomly and equally divided into control and experimental groups. The control group received conventional strength training, while the experimental group received core strength training, both of which were trained for six weeks. Isometric muscle strength test, balance test and shooting percentage test were performed on both groups of athletes before and after training. The final results are as follows. (1) The isometric strength of both the control and experimental groups increased after training, but the isometric strength of the experimental group receiving core strength training was higher than that of the control group. (2) Both the control and experimental groups improved in the balance after training, but the experimental group receiving core strength training had better balance. (3) Both the control and experimental groups improved in shooting percentage after training, but the experimental group gained more improvement after core strength training.
The shortcoming of this paper is that there were fewer types of core strength training for athletes and fewer volunteers to test the effectiveness of core strength training, so the future research direction is to increase the types of core strength training and increase the number of volunteers to be tested. The contribution of this paper is to provide an effective reference for the enhancement of athletes’ core strength, coordination and balance.