@Article{096504016X14732772150424,
AUTHOR = {Chun-ming Yang, Shan Ji, Yan Li, Li-ye Fu, Tao Jiang, Fan-dong Meng},
TITLE = {Ror2, a Developmentally Regulated Kinase, Is Associated With Tumor  Growth, Apoptosis, Migration, and Invasion in Renal Cell Carcinoma},
JOURNAL = {Oncology Research},
VOLUME = {25},
YEAR = {2017},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {195--205},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/or/v25n2/56798},
ISSN = {1555-3906},
ABSTRACT = {Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents one of the most resistant tumors to radiation and chemotherapy. Current 
therapies for RCC patients are inefficient due to the lack of diagnostic and therapeutic markers. The expression of novel tumor-associated kinases has the potential to dramatically shape tumor cell behavior. Identifying 
tumor-associated kinases can lend insight into patterns of tumor growth and characteristics. In the present 
study, we investigated the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (Ror2), a new tumor-associated 
kinase, in RCC primary tumors and cell lines. Knockdown of Ror2 expression in RCC cells with specific 
shRNA significantly reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Using in vitro migration and Matrigel 
invasion assays, we found that cell migration and invasive ability were also significantly inhibited. In RCC, 
Ror2 expression correlated with expression of genes involved at the cell cycle and migration, including PCNA, 
CDK1, TWIST, and MMP-2. Furthermore, in vivo xenograft studies in nude mice revealed that administration of a Ror2 shRNA plasmid significantly inhibited tumor growth. These findings suggest a novel pathway 
of tumor-promoting activity by Ror2 within renal carcinomas, with significant implications for unraveling the 
tumorigenesis of RCC.},
DOI = {10.3727/096504016X14732772150424}
}