@Article{096504017X14902261600566,
AUTHOR = {Rong Wang, Yunfeng Wu, Weihua Huang, Weijun Chen},
TITLE = {MicroRNA-940 Targets INPP4A or GSK3β and Activates the Wnt/β-Catenin  Pathway to Regulate the Malignant Behavior of Bladder Cancer Cells},
JOURNAL = {Oncology Research},
VOLUME = {26},
YEAR = {2018},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {145--155},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/or/v26n1/56626},
ISSN = {1555-3906},
ABSTRACT = {In this report, we aimed to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of microRNA-940 (miR-940) in bladder 
cancer development. The expressions of miR-940 in bladder cancer tissues and cells were measured. miR-940 
mimics, miR-940 inhibitor small interference RNA against INPP4A (si-INPP4A), and GSK3b (si-GSK3b) 
and their corresponding controls were then transfected into cells. We investigated the effects of miR-940, 
INPP4A, or GSK3b on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Additionally, target prediction 
and luciferase reporter assays were performed to investigate the targets of miR-940. The regulatory relationship 
between miR-940 and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was also investigated. miR-940 was upregulated in bladder 
cancer tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-940 significantly increased bladder cancer cell proliferation, 
promoted migration and invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis. INPP4A and GSK3b were the direct targets of 
miR-940, and knockdown of INPP4A or GSK3b significantly increased cancer cell proliferation, migration, and 
invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis. After miR-940 overexpression, the protein expression levels of c-Myc, 
cyclin D1, and β-catenin were significantly increased, and the expression levels of p27 and p-β-catenin were 
markedly decreased. The opposite effects were obtained after suppression of miR-940. XAV939, a tankyrase 1 
inhibitor that could inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling, significantly reversed the effects of miR-940 overexpression on cell migration and invasion. Our results indicate that overexpression of miR-940 may promote bladder 
cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibit cell apoptosis via targeting INPP4A or GSK3b
and activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Our findings imply the key roles of suppressing miRNA-940 in the 
therapy of bladder cancer.},
DOI = {10.3727/096504017X14902261600566}
}