TY  - EJOU
AU  - Han, Boxuan 
AU  - Liu, Shaokun 
AU  - Das, Ridhima 
AU  - Liu, Shiqian 
AU  - Zhang, Yang 

TI  - Organoid Technology in Precision Medicine for Head and Neck Cancer
T2  - Oncology Research

PY  - 2025
VL  - 33
IS  - 12
SN  - 1555-3906

AB  - Organoid technology, characterized by high fidelity in mimicking the <i>in vivo</i> microenvironment, preservation of tumor heterogeneity, and capacity for high-throughput operations, has emerged as a critical tool in head and neck cancer research. To address clinical challenges in head and neck cancer management—including marked tumor heterogeneity, therapeutic resistance, and significant prognostic variability—this review focuses on four key translational applications of organoid technology: In mechanistic studies, organoid models provide a reliable platform for investigating tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance mechanisms. In personalized therapy, organoid-based drug sensitivity testing enables data-driven clinical decision-making. For biomarker discovery, organoids facilitate the identification of novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. With ongoing improvements and standardization of organoid culture systems, this technology holds substantial promise for advancing precision medicine in head and neck cancer, bridging the gap between basic research and clinical practice.
KW  - Organoid; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; drug screening; tumor microenvironment; biomarker discovery

DO  - 10.32604/or.2025.071296