@Article{or.2025.061812,
AUTHOR = {LUCIANA SABOYA, KEINI BUOSI, TIAGO SILVA, ELAINE CANDIDO, JOSIANE MORARI, LICIO A. VELLOSO, SHAHROKH F. SHARIAT, MARCUS V. SADI, LEONARDO O. REIS},
TITLE = {Intradermal priming to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: A translational research and phase I clinical trial},
JOURNAL = {Oncology Research},
VOLUME = {33},
YEAR = {2025},
NUMBER = {6},
PAGES = {1495--1503},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/or/v33n6/61346},
ISSN = {1555-3906},
ABSTRACT = { <b>Objective:</b> To determine the safety and the role of modulating cytokines and proteases in the immune response to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) when primed with systemic intradermal BCG. <b>Methods:</b> Phase 1 and mechanistic longitudinal, prospective, single-blind randomized study (NCT04806178). Twenty-one non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer patients undergoing intravesical adjuvant BCG after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in a teaching hospital between September 2021 and April 2023 were randomized to 0.1 mL of intradermal BCG vaccine or placebo (0.9% saline) administered 15 days before the start of intravesical BCG therapy. Blood samples were evaluated mechanistically regarding eight cytokines serum levels interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 Gene (IFITM3), Interleukin 1 beta (IL1-BETA), interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL2 RA), Interleukin 6 (IL 6), Interleukin 10 (IL 10), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Interferon-β, AXL, and one protease CASPASE 8. <b>Results:</b> After 1 exclusion, twenty patients were randomized to intradermal BCG (n = 11) and intradermal placebo (n = 9). There was no difference in adverse effects emerging from the intravesical Onco-BCG therapy, and no difference in the expression of the cytokines and proteases analyzed between control and intervention, and over time. <b>Conclusions:</b> Intradermal BCG administration before intravesical application was safe, with no increase in adverse effects. It also does not seem to change the analyzed targets during the intravesical induction-phase BCG. Other immune targets should be explored in the future. The Brazilian tuberculosis-endemic status, where BCG vaccination is mandatory, might have affected the results.},
DOI = {10.32604/or.2025.061812}
}