TY  - EJOU
AU  - P, Moreno érez 
AU  - Angulo, M Gamboa 
AU  - Heredia, G 
AU  - Canché, B Canto 
AU  - García, CM Rodríguez 
AU  - Baizabal, IL Medina 
AU  - Echeverría, L Peraza 

TI  - Antimicrobial evaluation of extracts obtained from tropical micromycetes against phytopathogens
T2  - Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany

PY  - 2016
VL  - 85
IS  - all
SN  - 1851-5657

AB  - Nowadays, it is highly necessary to find more and safer agrochemicals. In this sense, micromycetes are an important source of natural products which could be used to control plant diseases. Therefore with the aims to contribute in this searching of natural products with antimicrobial applications, a total of 49 fungal strains were isolated from the Yucatan Peninsula. These fungi were cultured in fermented rice, their respective organic extracts macerated in ethyl acetate (EAE) and methanol (ME) were obtained and tested against five fungal pathogens of agricultural importance. These included <i>Alternaria chrysanthemi, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Mycosphaerella fijiensis</i>, and the bacteria <i>Erwinia carotovora</i> and <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> using microdilution assays. The 69% of fungal extracts showed antifungal or antibacterial (2000 and 200 μg/mL, respectively) against at least one of the tested target. Strains Penicillium sp. OSE-61, <i>Fusarium</i> sp. OH2-30, <i>Hypocrea lixii</i> OSN-37 and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> OSE-73 showed activity against at least three of the five study pathogens. The most active EAE were partitioned, and its low (A), medium (B) polarity and precipitated (C) were obtained and assessed. The fraction A from <i>Fusarium</i> KS-15 displayed the lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC ≤25 μg/mL) and bactericide effect on <i>X. campestris</i>; fraction B <i>of Penicillium</i> sp. OSE-61 was relatively greater than the previous on <i>A. chrysanthemi</i> (MIC ≤500 μg/mL). Last fraction also exhibited good inhibitory effect on <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>. Finally, fraction B of H. lixii OSN-37 displayed promissory antifungal effect on <i>C. gloeosporioides y M. fijiensis</i> (MIC = 1000 μg/mL). This research contributes to enrich the limited knowledge on the biological activity of native anamorphic fungi of the sinkholes of Yucatan and its potential use in biotechnological applications in agriculture.
KW  - Bioassays
KW  -  Fungal extracts
KW  -  <i>Fusarium
KW  -  Hypocrea</i>
KW  -  Microfungi
KW  -  <i>Penicillium</i>
KW  -  Sinkholes

DO  - 10.32604/phyton.2016.85.007